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DESCRIPTION JPWO2017046843
Abstract A pickup (1) according to the present embodiment is a pickup (1) that is used for a
stringed instrument and converts vibration of a string (8) into an electrical signal, and at least
provided corresponding to the number of strings (8) One piezoelectric element (11), a first
electrode (13a) disposed on the chord side of the piezoelectric element (11), and a second
electrode (13b) disposed on the opposite side to the first electrode (13a); A piezoelectric sensor
(10) comprising: a wire (20) electrically connected to the piezoelectric sensor (10); and a
protective portion (53) covering a portion where the piezoelectric sensor (10) contacts the string
(8); And a cap (50a) having an arm (51) integrally formed with the protection portion (53) and
engaged with the string (8) with the string (8).
Stringed instrument with pickup and pickup
[0001]
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a pickup for converting a sound generated from a
stringed instrument such as a guitar into an electrical signal, and a stringed instrument provided
with the pickup.
[0002]
Conventionally, as a method of amplifying a sound generated from a stringed instrument, a
method of using a pickup provided with a piezoelectric element is known.
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The pickup converts the vibration of the string into an electrical signal.
[0003]
For example, as a pickup installation method, there is known a method of installing a pickup at
the bottom of a groove for holding a saddle provided on a bridge of a stringed instrument.
Thereby, the vibration of the string transmitted through the saddle can be detected by the
piezoelectric element of the pickup.
[0004]
JP 2004-177818
[0005]
However, since the pickup is installed in a closed space covered by a saddle, the sound detected
by the pickup not only contains much noise and internal reverberation, but also the vibration of
the string itself and that Because the tone provided by the material of the saddle that supports
the has a large controlling power, it is different from the tone due to the air vibration caused by
the instrument shell vibration that people actually listen through their ears.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a pickup capable of detecting a sound close to
an actual sound heard by vibrating air around the musical instrument and having a simple
attachment, and a stringed musical instrument provided with the pickup. .
[0007]
The pickup according to the present embodiment is a pickup that is used for a stringed
instrument and converts the vibration of a string into an electrical signal, and is disposed on the
string side of the piezoelectric element and at least one piezoelectric element provided
corresponding to the number of strings. A piezoelectric sensor including a first electrode to be
formed and a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode, a wire electrically
connected to the piezoelectric sensor, and a portion where the piezoelectric sensor contacts a
string And a cap having an arm integrally formed with the guard and engaged with the string
with the stringed instrument.
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[0008]
In the stringed instrument according to the present embodiment, the main body, a string
stretched along the surface of the main body, at least one piezoelectric element provided
corresponding to the number of the strings, and the string side of the piezoelectric element A
pickup comprising: a first electrode disposed; and a second electrode disposed on the side of the
body opposite to the first electrode, and pressed by the tension of the chord with the body to
convert the vibration of the chord into an electrical signal And.
Also, the pickup is disposed exposed on the surface of the main body.
[0009]
According to the present invention, it is possible to detect a sound close to the actual sound
heard by vibrating the air around the musical instrument, and to provide a pickup easy to install
and a stringed musical instrument equipped with the pickup.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an acoustic guitar provided with a pickup according to the
first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the pickup of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the pickup of FIG. 2 is partially cut
at F3-F3.
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion F4 of FIG. 3 in an enlarged manner.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the bridge to which the pickup according to the present
embodiment is attached. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main part of the
acoustic guitar to which the pickup according to the present embodiment is attached. FIG. 7 is a
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schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of an acoustic guitar showing another attachment
example of the pickup of FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the pickup with the cap shown
in FIG. 7 attached. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part of an acoustic guitar
showing still another attachment example of the pickup of FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the
pickup of FIG. 3 attached to a bridge of a classical guitar. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view
of F11-F11 in FIG.
[0011]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the
drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing an acoustic guitar 100 as an example of a stringed
instrument provided with a pickup 1 according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a plan view
of the pickup 1 of the present embodiment attached to the acoustic guitar 100. FIG.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, an acoustic guitar 100 has a hollow body 2, a neck 4, and a head 6, which are
the body of a stringed instrument. The neck 4 is a rod-like member. The neck 4 is fixed at one
end thereof to the body 2. Further, the neck 4 is fixed to the head 6 at the other end. The sound
board 2 a on the front side of the main body 2 is provided with a bridge 12 for holding one end
of the strings 8. The head 6 is provided with six tuning pegs 14 for respectively winding the
other end of the strings 8. That is, the acoustic guitar 100 stretches six strings 8 along the neck 4
with a bridge 12 described later.
[0013]
The bridge 12 is provided with six holes 18 for fixing the strings 8, a saddle 16, and a pickup 1
for converting vibration due to plucking of the six strings 8 into an electrical signal. The saddle
16 supports the string 8 stretched along the neck 4 at a predetermined string height. That is, the
saddle 16 is a support member that functions as a fulcrum of the string vibration together with
the tuning peg 14. Also, the saddle 16 and the bridge 12 transmit the string vibration to the main
body 2. The pickup 1 is provided between the six holes 18 and the saddle 16. The pickup 1 is
disposed exposed on the surface of the bridge 12.
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[0014]
Subsequently, the pickup 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2
to 4.
[0015]
3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pickup 1 shown in FIG. 2 is
partially cut at F3-F3. FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view enlarging a portion F4 of
FIG.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pickup 1 includes a piezoelectric sensor 10 having a plurality of
piezoelectric elements 11 and a wiring 20 for transmitting an electrical signal obtained by the
piezoelectric sensor 10.
That is, one end of the wiring 20 is connected to the piezoelectric sensor 10, and the other end is
provided with the connection terminal 21.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 4, the piezoelectric sensor 10 includes a piezoelectric element 11, a first
electrode 13a, a second electrode 13b, a base 5, an intermediate member 15, a first covering
material 17a, and a second covering material. And 17b.
The piezoelectric elements 11 are spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction
of the piezoelectric sensor 10 at positions facing the six chords 8 and arranged in a substantially
linear fashion at predetermined intervals. The intermediate member 15 is an insulating member
provided between the adjacent piezoelectric elements 11 of the plurality of piezoelectric
elements 11 arranged on the base 5. The first electrode 13 a is stacked on each of the
piezoelectric elements 11 and is located on the side of the string 8 when the piezoelectric sensor
10 is attached to the main body 2. The second electrode 13 b is provided on the opposite side to
the first electrode 13 a via the piezoelectric element 11. In other words, the first electrode 13 a is
provided at one end of the piezoelectric element 11 in the polarization direction. The second
electrode 13 b is provided at the other end of the piezoelectric element 11 in the polarization
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direction. The base 5 is formed of glass fiber or the like, and constitutes a skeleton of the
piezoelectric sensor 10. The first covering material 17a is a conductive tape for winding and
tightening the piezoelectric element 11, the first electrode 13a, the second electrode 13b, the
intermediate member 15, and the base 5 from the outside. The second covering material 17 b is
a leather tape further covering the first covering material 17 a. For example, lead zirconate
titanate, barium titanate, lead titanate, or quartz may be used as the piezoelectric element 11. In
addition, as the first covering material 17a, a conductive metal thinly processed into a tape
shape, for example, gold, silver, copper, an alloy containing these, or the like can be used. In
addition, as the second covering material 17b, animal skins and synthetic leather can be used. In
the present embodiment, a material in which a cow hide is taped is used.
[0018]
Next, the arrangement of the plurality of piezoelectric elements 11 provided in the piezoelectric
sensor 10 will be described.
[0019]
The piezoelectric elements 11 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal
direction of the piezoelectric sensor 10.
According to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, six piezoelectric elements 11 are
arranged at intervals.
[0020]
Here, the number of piezoelectric elements 11 is provided corresponding to the number of
strings 8. That is, in the acoustic guitar 100 having six strings 8, the pickup 1 provided with six
piezoelectric elements 11 is used.
[0021]
Further, in the present embodiment, the piezoelectric element 11 facing the first, second, fifth,
and sixth strings of the acoustic guitar 100 is compared with the piezoelectric element 11 facing
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the third and fourth strings. Then, the lengths in the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric
sensors 10 of the two piezoelectric elements 11 are different. As a result, the distance L2
between the piezoelectric elements 11 facing each of the second and third strings is set wider
than the distance L1 between the piezoelectric elements 11 facing each of the first and second
strings. ing. Similarly, the distance L2 between the piezoelectric elements 11 facing the fourth
and fifth chords is greater than the distance L1 between the arrangements of the piezoelectric
elements 11 facing the fifth and sixth chords. . Further, the distance L3 between the dispositions
of the piezoelectric elements 11 opposed to the third chord and the fourth chord is disposed to
be larger than the distance between the dispositions of any of the adjacent piezoelectric elements
11 described above.
[0022]
The piezoelectric sensor 10 of the pickup 1 having such a configuration is an intermediate
provided between the piezoelectric elements 11 opposed to the third and fourth strings, which
are relatively easy to detect noise due to the resonance of the adjacent strings 8 or the like. A
wide area of the member 15 can be secured. For this reason, according to the piezoelectric
sensor 10 of the present embodiment, the interference of sounds oscillated from the adjacent
strings 8 can be reduced, and the sounds of the strings 8 opposed to the respective piezoelectric
elements 11 can be selectively detected. . Further, since the third and fourth strings are disposed
at the central portion of the main body 2, they are strongly affected by vibration (sound). On the
other hand, the first string, the second string, the fifth string and the sixth string receive less
vibration (sound) compared to the third string and the fourth string. Therefore, in order to
average the vibration (sound) level received by the piezoelectric element 11, the piezoelectric
element 11 corresponding to the third and fourth strings in the central portion is made smaller
than the other piezoelectric elements 11. In addition, by reducing the size of the piezoelectric
element 11 corresponding to the third and fourth strings, it is possible to reduce the influence of
mid-range vibration that is likely to cause howling.
[0023]
As the intermediate member 15, for example, glass fiber, rubber-like polymer, polyethylene, resin
or the like can be used.
[0024]
Subsequently, a method of attaching the pickup 1 to the bridge 12 will be described with
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reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the bridge 12 to which the pickup 1 is attached. FIG. 6 is a
schematic cross-sectional view of the acoustic guitar 100 to which the pickup 1 is attached. In
FIG. 5, only the sixth string is illustrated, and the first to fifth strings are not shown.
[0025]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the sound board 2 a of the guitar 100 is provided with a bridge 12, a
saddle 16, a string 8, a pin 30 for fixing the string 8, and a pickup 1. The bridge 12 includes six
holes 18 through which one end of the strings 8 is inserted, a saddle groove 12 a in which the
saddle 16 is provided, and a guide groove 12 b in which the pickup 1 is provided. The saddle
groove 12 a is a substantially rectangular groove for receiving the saddle 16 and supporting the
saddle 16. The guide groove 12b is connected to six second holes 18b described later. The guide
groove 12 b is a substantially rectangular groove provided along the arrangement direction of
the chords 8.
[0026]
The hole 18 has a so-called keyhole shape. That is, the hole 18 is a substantially semi-circular
smaller than the ball 8a in which the substantially circular first hole 18a of a size capable of
inserting the ball 8a provided at one end of the chord 8 and the chord 8 are fitted in plan view. It
is a hole connected to the second hole 18b. In the present embodiment, the holes 18 are
provided along the alignment direction of the chords 8 corresponding to the number of the
chords 8.
[0027]
The saddle 16 is fitted along the saddle groove 12a. The saddle 16 supports a string 8 stretched
along the neck 4 from the hole 18 to the head 6.
[0028]
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The pin 30 is a wedge-shaped member having a tapered shape that tapers toward the tip. The pin
30 is pushed into the hole 18 through which the string 8 is inserted, and the string 8 is fixed
with the ball 8a as an anchor. That is, the pin 30 functions as the fixing portion of the string 8
together with the hole 18.
[0029]
The pickup 1 has a piezoelectric sensor 10 and a wiring 20 as shown in FIG. In the present
embodiment, for example, the wiring 20 of the pickup 1 is inserted into the inside of the main
body 2 from a through hole 19 provided near the center of the bridge 12 and connected to a
wiring board (not shown).
[0030]
On the other hand, since the structure of the piezoelectric sensor 10 is described with reference
to FIGS. 2 to 4, the details thereof are omitted. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a cap 50 is attached to
the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the present embodiment. The cap 50 is a protective member
having a U-shaped cross section attached to the outside of the second covering material 17 b of
the piezoelectric sensor 10. That is, the cap 50 integrally includes two side wall portions 502
extending in the same direction substantially perpendicularly from two opposing sides of the
bottom wall portion 501 and the bottom wall portion 501. Further, the distance from the inner
surface of the bottom wall portion 501 of the cap 50 to the tip of the side wall portion 502 is
shorter than the distance from the surface on the first electrode 13a side of the piezoelectric
sensor 10 to the surface on the second electrode 13b side There is.
[0031]
The cap 50 is attached at a position covering each of the six piezoelectric elements 11 arranged
in the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric sensor 10 as shown in FIG. That is, in the present
embodiment, six caps 50 are attached to the piezoelectric sensor 10 so as to face the six
piezoelectric elements 11. In the cap 50, as shown in FIG. 6, the bottom wall portion 501
contacts the surface of the piezoelectric sensor 10 on the side of the first electrode 13a, and the
surface of the piezoelectric sensor 10 on the side of the first electrode 13a and the side of the
second electrode 13b. The two side walls 502 are attached to the piezoelectric sensor 10 such
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that the two side walls 502 connect the two side surfaces connecting the surfaces. That is, the
bottom wall portion 501 of the cap 50 is attached to face the surface of the piezoelectric sensor
10 on the first electrode 13 a side. In other words, the surface on the second electrode 13 b side
of the piezoelectric sensor 10 is not covered by the cap 50.
[0032]
The cap 50 according to the present embodiment is manufactured by bending a rectangular
plate-like metal plate at two points. The width of the cap 50 is at least made wider than the
strings 8. The material of the cap 50 is not limited to metal, and can be well transmitted without
damping the vibration, and it is possible to use a material other than a metal material as long as
it has a certain degree of durability.
[0033]
The pickup 1 to which the six caps 50 are attached is attached along the guide groove 12b as
shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. At this time, the piezoelectric sensor 10 is attached to the guide groove
12b in such a direction that the surface on the second electrode 13b side and the side wall 12c
on the saddle 16 side of the guide groove 12b are in contact with each other. In other words, the
surface of the piezoelectric sensor 10 on the side of the first electrode 13 a faces the chord 8 via
the cap 50.
[0034]
When the tuning peg 14 is turned and tension is applied to the strings 8, the strings 8 are pulled
in the direction of the arrow X, as shown in FIG. As a result, the piezoelectric sensor 10 held in
the guide groove 12 b is pressed toward the side wall 12 c on the head 6 side of the guide
groove 12 b by the tension of the chord 8.
[0035]
A gap S is provided between the tips of the two side wall portions 50 of the cap 50 and the side
wall 12 c of the bridge 12. By providing the gap S, the piezoelectric element 11 is pressed.
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Thereby, the vibration of each string 8 can be effectively transmitted to the opposing
piezoelectric elements 11, and the detection sensitivity of the vibration (sound) can be enhanced.
[0036]
As described above, according to the pickup 1 having high detection sensitivity of sound and the
acoustic guitar 100 disposed by exposing the pickup 1 to the outside of the main body 2, the
distance between the saddle 16 and the pin 30 where the string vibration is largely attenuated.
The influence of vibration of the strings 8 can be minimized.
[0037]
In the conventional pickup installation method, the pickup is held in a closed space surrounded
by the saddle groove and the saddle.
For this reason, the sound detected by the conventional pickup is the sound of the string 8 itself
transmitted directly through the saddle 16 and the sound transmitted to the closed space in the
bridge.
[0038]
On the other hand, the sound of the acoustic guitar 100 that a person is actually listening to is
the vibration transmitted from the saddle 16 and the bridge 12 to the main body 2 until the
vibration converges the outer shell of the main body 2 and the internal space of the main body 2
The sound of the outer shell of the instrument is generated while sustaining the vibration of the
instrument shell over time. The sound in the internal space of the main body 2 is an important
element in order to form the sound quality of the sound of the acoustic guitar 100 that a person
is actually listening to. However, the sound in this internal space is not a sound that has a
particularly dominant influence on the tone that a person is actually listening to.
[0039]
The pickup 1 according to the present embodiment is exposed and attached to the surface of the
sound board 2a. Therefore, the pickup 1 hardly detects the vibration of the string 8 directly from
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the saddle 16. Further, the pickup 1 can reduce the occurrence of howling due to the circulation
of echo in the internal space of the main body 2 when passing through an electrical amplification
device such as an amplifier. Furthermore, it is possible to significantly reduce the capture of
internal reverberation and noise, which are characteristic of the conventional pickup installation
method, in the midrange.
[0040]
That is, when the pickup 1 is disposed exposed on the surface of the bridge 12, the pickup 1
resonates inside the main body 2, and the vibration (sound) transmitted to the sound board 2 a
and the bridge 12 and between the saddle 16 and the pin 30 The minute vibration (sound) of the
string 8 of is detected. In addition, the pickup 1 can detect vibration (sound) transmitted to the
saddle 16 and the bridge 12 and the outer shell vibration (sound) of the musical instrument that
vibrates the external air by vibrating the entire instrument including the neck 4. In other words,
the pickup 1 disposed exposed on the surface of the bridge 12 can detect vibration centering on
the sound of the acoustic guitar 100 that a person is actually listening to, that is, so-called raw
sound. Here, raw sound refers to vibration (sound) that reaches the human ear as air is medium
vibration.
[0041]
That is, the difference between the conventional pickup installation method and the pickup 1
installation method is, for example, between listening to a sound in the closed space inside the
speaker box and listening to a sound traveling in the space outside the speaker box. Is similar to
being distinctly different. In other words, the human ear recognizes as the sound of the speaker a
comprehensive sound generated by the entire vibration including the outer shell of the speaker
box which vibrates not only the speaker cone but also the sound generated inside the speaker
box.
[0042]
Further, according to the present embodiment, the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the pickup 1 is
directly pressed by the six strings 8 at the position of each piezoelectric element 11. For this
reason, according to the present embodiment, the piezoelectric elements 11 are arranged on
each of the first to sixth strings. For this reason, it is possible to detect a difference in string
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vibration depending on the installation position of each string 8.
[0043]
Further, according to the present embodiment, a person who plays an instrument can obtain a
three-dimensional sound by listening to the live sound of the acoustic guitar 100 actually being
heard and the sound detected by the pickup 1 and amplified by the electric amplification device.
You can experience Such a three-dimensional sound can be realized for the first time because the
sound quality heard from the electric amplification device through the pickup 1 is very similar to
the raw sound of the acoustic guitar 100.
[0044]
In addition, an intermediate member 15 for providing a predetermined interval is provided
between the adjacent piezoelectric elements 11. For this reason, the malfunction which detects
the vibration of the other string 8 adjacent to the string 8 which opposes one piezoelectric
element 11 can be suppressed, and noise can be reduced.
[0045]
Also, the conventional pickup is provided in a closed space between the saddle and the saddle
groove. The vibration of the string is transmitted to the piezoelectric sensor via the saddle. For
this reason, when the saddle is replaced or the cutting for adjusting the height of the string is
performed, the pressure applied to the piezoelectric sensor may change, and the detection
sensitivity of the sound may change.
[0046]
On the other hand, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment is accommodated in the
guide groove 12 b of the bridge 12. For this reason, even when the saddle is replaced or cut, the
piezoelectric sensor 10 and the saddle 16 do not contact each other, so that the detection
sensitivity of the sound of the pickup 1 does not change.
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[0047]
In addition, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment can also be attached to an
acoustic guitar not having the pickup 1 later. That is, when the owner of the acoustic guitar
desires, the acoustic guitar can be improved to an acoustic guitar 100 equipped with the pickup
1. In this case, the guide groove 12b is provided in the bridge 12 and the through hole 19 for
passing the wiring 20 is simply processed, and the pickup 1 of this embodiment can be attached
without requiring a special technique.
[0048]
Moreover, the pick-up 1 which concerns on this embodiment is coat ¦ covering the 1st coating
material 17a with a cowhide as the 2nd coating material 17b. As a result, it is possible to reduce
harmonics that cause howlints and reverberations. In addition, the second covering material 17b
obscures the presence of the pickup 1 attached to the main body 2 and is also excellent in
design.
[0049]
In the case where a harmonic cut is further required, a lead layer can be provided between the
first covering material 17a and the second covering material 17b. The pickup 1 provided with
the lead layer can cut harmonics more effectively.
[0050]
The pickup 1 according to the present embodiment is assembled by the pressing force of the
main body 2 and the strings 8. That is, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment can
prevent the movement of the position of the pickup 1 due to the string vibration and the
separation from the main body 2 as well as the necessity of using a special assembling member
and a fixing agent.
[0051]
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Subsequently, two modified examples of the method of installing the pickup 1 will be described
with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. The first modification will be described with reference to FIGS. 7
and 8. The second modification will be described with reference to FIG. In the description of the
two modifications, the same components as those described in FIGS. 1 to 6 are denoted by the
same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0052]
Now, the structure of the cap 50a used in the first modification will be briefly described.
[0053]
In the first modification, the pickup 1 to be installed has a cap 50a as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in which a main portion of an acoustic guitar
100b provided with a pickup 1 having six caps 50a attached to a piezoelectric sensor 10 is
partially enlarged. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the pickup 1 to which six caps 50a are
attached.
[0054]
The cap 50a shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is formed by bending an elongated plate-like member. The
cap 50 a has an arm 51 and a protector 53. The protection unit 53 covers the piezoelectric
element 11 provided in the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the pickup 1 from the outside of the first
covering material 17 a. The protective portion 53 has a tip 53 a in contact with the second
electrode 13 b of the piezoelectric element 11 and an intermediate portion 53 b in contact with
the first electrode 13 a of the piezoelectric element 11. The protective portion 53 is wound
around the piezoelectric sensor 10. The protective portion 53 is wound around the piezoelectric
sensor 11 so that the arm portion 51 is positioned on the pin 30 side.
[0055]
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The arm portion 51 is provided continuously from the middle portion 53b of the protection
portion 53, and has an engagement end 51a bent in a direction away from the pin 30 at an end
opposite to the middle portion 53b. That is, the arm 51 of the cap 50 a shown in FIG. 7 is
extended along the chord 8 from the surface of the bridge 12 through the hole 18 to the inside
of the main body 2. The end of the arm 51 inserted into the main body 2 is engaged with the
surface 40 a of the reinforcing plate 40 attached to the back surface of the sound board 2 a. The
arm 51 is fixed by the pin 30 together with the string 8.
[0056]
The caps 50 a are provided in the same number as the number of piezoelectric elements 11 as
the caps 50 are. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, six caps 50 a are used to cover
the respective piezoelectric elements 11. In addition, before using the cap 50a in the process of
attaching to the piezoelectric sensor 10, it is more easy to operate by using a pre-bent one.
[0057]
Subsequently, installation of the pickup 1 in the first modification will be described.
[0058]
Unlike the guitar 100 shown in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the acoustic guitar 100 b shown in
FIG. 7 does not have a guide groove 12 b for attaching the piezoelectric sensor 10 to the bridge
12.
In the first modified example shown in FIG. 7, the pickup 1 is disposed between the strings 8 and
the bridge 12 in a state where the pickup 1 is held by the cap 50 a. The tension of the chord 8 at
the portion near the saddle 16 side edge of the hole 18 at this time acts as a pressing force
toward the bridge 12 in the arrow Y direction. Thereby, the pickup 1 is held in a state of being
pressed to the main body 2.
[0059]
The pickup 1 having such a cap 50a holds the position of the piezoelectric sensor 10 because the
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arm 51 is engaged with the bridge 12 and the reinforcing plate 40 even when the tension of the
strings 8 is weakened. Can. Therefore, the cap 50a can prevent the positional deviation of the
pickup 1.
[0060]
Next, the structure of the cap 50b used in the second modification will be briefly described.
[0061]
In the second modification, the pickup 1 to be installed has a cap 50b as shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in which a main part of an acoustic guitar 100c
provided with a pickup 1 having six caps 50b attached to a piezoelectric sensor 10 is partially
enlarged.
[0062]
The cap 50b shown in FIG. 9 is formed by bending an elongated plate-like member. The cap 50b
has an arm 51 and a protective portion 53c. The protective portion 53 c covers the piezoelectric
element 11 provided in the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the pickup 1 from the outside of the first
covering material 17 a. The protective portion 53 c has a tip 53 a in contact with the second
electrode 13 b of the piezoelectric element 11 and an intermediate portion 53 b in contact with
the first electrode 13 a of the piezoelectric element 11. The protective portion 53 c is wound
around the piezoelectric sensor 10. The protective portion 53 c is wound around the
piezoelectric sensor 11 such that the arm 51 is positioned on the pin 30 side.
[0063]
The arm portion 51 is a portion extending downward in the drawing from the middle portion
53b of the protection portion 53c. The arm portion 51 has an engaging end 51a bent at a
direction opposite to the pin 30 at the end opposite to the middle portion 53b. That is, the arm
51 of the cap 50 b shown in FIG. 9 is extended along the chord 8 from the surface of the bridge
12 through the hole 18 to the inside of the main body 2. The end of the arm 51 inserted into the
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main body 2 is engaged with the surface 40 a of the reinforcing plate 40 attached to the back
surface of the sound board 2 a. The arm 51 is fixed by the pin 30 together with the string 8. In
addition, before using the cap 50b in the process of attaching to the piezoelectric sensor 10, the
cap 50b is more easily worked if it is pre-bent.
[0064]
Subsequently, installation of the pickup 1 in the second modified example will be described.
[0065]
The acoustic guitar 100c shown in FIG. 9 is different from the guitar 100 shown in the
embodiment of FIG. 6 in that the distance between the hole 18 of the bridge 12 and the saddle
16 is short.
In the second modified example shown in FIG. 9, the pickup 1 is held so as to be pressed against
the saddle 16 by utilizing the fact that the distance between the saddle 16 and the pickup 1 is
short.
[0066]
That is, the piezoelectric sensor 10 having six caps 50 b is disposed between the hole 18 and the
saddle 16. When the pickup 1 is placed at this position, the tension of the strings 8 acts in a
direction to press the pickup 1 against the saddle 16 as shown by the arrow Z in FIG. In other
words, in the state where the piezoelectric sensor 10 is pressed from the side of the first
electrode 13a disposed on the side of the chord 8 to the side of the second electrode 13b
disposed on the opposite side via the piezoelectric element 11, the saddle of the main body 2 It is
held between 16 and string 8. Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 9, when there is a gap between the
saddle 16 and the piezoelectric sensor 10, the piezoelectric sensor 10 can be reliably pressed
against the saddle 16 by sandwiching a pillow called shim 60 between them. it can.
[0067]
As described above, according to the second modification, the pickup 1 can be effectively
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disposed when the saddle 16 and the hole 18 of the bridge 12 are close to each other. Further,
when the pickup 1 is mounted at the position shown in FIG. 9, the pickup 1 can pick up the
vibration from the saddle 16. Therefore, the pickup 1 according to the present modification can
pick up the sound emitted closer to the vibration source and emitted to the outside.
[0068]
Subsequently, a method of installing the pickup 1 on the classic guitar 200 will be described with
reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. In the description of the two modifications, the same components
as those described in FIGS. 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed
description thereof is omitted.
[0069]
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a classical guitar 200 provided with a pickup 1 in which six caps
50 c are attached to the piezoelectric sensor 10. FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the
classical guitar 200 shown in FIG. 10 taken along the line F11-F11.
[0070]
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the classical guitar 200 has a bridge 120, a saddle 16, a string 8c,
and a pickup 1 on the surface of the sound board 2a. The bridge 120 includes a support base
124 having a saddle groove 12a for supporting the saddle 16, and a block-shaped fixing portion
122 having six holes 18c for binding one end of the chord 8c.
[0071]
The saddle groove 12a is a substantially rectangular groove provided at the top of the support
124 in a direction intersecting the strings 8c in order to insert the saddle 16 and allow the saddle
16 to stand upright. In the present embodiment, the holes 18c are provided along the alignment
direction of the chords 8c in accordance with the number of the chords 8c. As shown in FIG. 11,
the pickup 1 is exposed and disposed on the surface 120a of the fixed portion 122 to which the
saddle 16 supporting the chord 8c and the end of the chord 8c are fixed.
04-05-2019
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[0072]
As shown in FIG. 11, a cap 50c is attached to the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the pickup 1 of the
present embodiment. The cap 50 c is a protection member having an M-shaped cross section
attached to the outside of the second covering material 17 b of the piezoelectric sensor 10. That
is, the cap 50c includes an upper surface 54 having a recess 57 toward the center, and two side
wall portions 58 extending substantially perpendicularly from two opposing sides of the upper
surface 54. Further, a gap T is formed between the tip of the side wall portion 58 of the cap 50 c
and the surface 120 a of the bridge 120.
[0073]
Subsequently, a method of attaching the pickup 1 to the bridge 120 will be described.
[0074]
First, the piezoelectric sensor 10 is disposed on the surface 120a of the bridge 120, and the six
caps 50c are disposed at the portions where the six strings 8c and the piezoelectric sensor 10
contact each other.
The piezoelectric sensor 10 is provided such that the chord 8c is on the side of the first electrode
13a, and the surface 120a of the bridge 120 is on the side of the second electrode 13b. As shown
in FIG. 11, the string 8 c ties the piezoelectric sensor 10 with the bridge 120. The arrangement
intervals of the six piezoelectric sensors 10 are provided in accordance with the arrangement
intervals of the six chords 8c.
[0075]
The cap 50 c is in contact with the first electrode 13 a side of the piezoelectric sensor 10 inside
the recess 57 formed on the upper surface 54. Also, the cap 50c is bound by the strings 8c so as
to contact the strings 8c at the two convex portions 55 provided at both ends of the upper
surface 54.
04-05-2019
20
[0076]
In this state, when the string 8c is pulled in the direction of the arrow P and the tension of the
string 8c increases, a force pressing the piezoelectric sensor 10 in the direction of the arrow Q
acts from the string 8c.
[0077]
Hereinafter, the force applied to the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the string 8c will be specifically
described.
[0078]
The force acting in the direction of arrow Q from the chord 8c acts on the two corners 55 of the
cap 50c in contact with the chord 8c.
At this time, there is a gap T between the tip of the side wall portion 58 of the cap 50 c and the
surface 120 a of the bridge 120.
That is, the cap 50 c is supported by the recess 57 on the upper surface 54 on the surface of the
piezoelectric sensor 10 on the first electrode 13 a side. For this reason, the forces acting on the
two corners 55 are combined and act on the recess 57. Thus, the piezoelectric sensor 10 is
supported in a state of being pressed in the arrow Q direction by the strings 8c. As a result, the
cap 50c can transmit the vibration of the guitar body bound by the strings 8c to the piezoelectric
element 11 without attenuation.
[0079]
Thus, the pickup 1 can be attached also to the acoustic guitar 100 and the classical guitar 200
having a different shape. The pickup 1 attached to the classical guitar 200 is exposed outside the
main body 2 in the same manner as the pickup 1 attached to the acoustic guitar 100.
[0080]
Further, according to the pickup 1 having high detection sensitivity of sound and the classical
04-05-2019
21
guitar 200 arranged by exposing the pickup 1 to the outside of the main body 2, not only the
direct string vibration from the saddle 16 but also the main body 2 It is also possible to detect
vibrations (sounds) reflected in the internal space, sounds emitted from the outer shell of the
main body 2 of the instrument, and air vibrations (sounds) immediately thereafter.
[0081]
In the conventional pickup installation method, the pickup is held in a closed space surrounded
by the saddle groove and the saddle.
For this reason, the sound detected by the conventional pickup is dominated by the sound of the
string itself transmitted directly through the saddle and the sound transmitted to the closed
space in the bridge.
[0082]
On the other hand, in the sound of the classical guitar 200 that a person is actually listening to,
the vibration transmitted from the strings 8c and the saddle 16 to the main body 2 is reflected in
the space inside the main body 2 and the outer shell of the main body 2 is mainly The sound
generated by vibrating the air by vibrating the entire musical instrument is different from the
sound of the closed space inside the musical instrument.
[0083]
Furthermore, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment is exposed and attached to the
surface of the sound board 2a.
For this reason, the vibration of the string 8c transmitted to the saddle 16 is not directly
detected. In addition, since the pickup 1 is exposed to the outside, it is possible to reduce the
occurrence of howling due to the circulation of echo sound when using an electrical amplification
device such as an amplifier. Furthermore, it is possible to greatly reduce the capture of internal
reverberation and noise in the midrange, which is a problem in the conventional pickup
installation method.
04-05-2019
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[0084]
That is, when the pickup 1 is exposed and arranged on the surface 120 a of the bridge 120, the
pickup 1 resonates inside the main body 2, and the vibration (sound) transmitted to the sound
board 2 a and the bridge 120 is transmitted to the bridge 120 from the saddle 16. The minute
vibration (sound) of the string 8c can be detected. The pickup 1 can also detect the vibration
(sound) transmitted to the saddle 16 and the bridge 120 and the outer shell vibration (sound) of
the musical instrument that vibrates the external air and the external air vibrates. In other words,
it is possible to detect a vibration centered on the sound of the classical guitar 200 that a person
is actually listening to, that is, a so-called raw sound.
[0085]
Further, according to the present embodiment, the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the pickup 1 is
directly pressed by the six strings 8 c at the position of each piezoelectric element 11. Therefore,
it is possible to detect a difference in string vibration depending on the installation position of
each string 8c.
[0086]
Further, according to the present embodiment, a person who plays an instrument can obtain a
three-dimensional sound by listening to the live sound of the classical guitar 200 that he is
actually listening to and the sound detected by the pickup 1 and amplified by the electric
amplification device. You can experience Such a three-dimensional sound can be realized for the
first time because the sound quality heard from the electric amplification device through the
pickup 1 is very similar to the raw sound of the classical guitar 200.
[0087]
In addition, an intermediate member 15 for providing a predetermined interval is provided
between the adjacent piezoelectric elements 11. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the
problem of detecting the vibration of another string 8c adjacent to the string 8c opposed to one
piezoelectric element 11, and noise can be reduced.
04-05-2019
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[0088]
Also, the conventional pickup is provided in a closed space between the saddle and the saddle
groove. The vibration of the string is transmitted to the piezoelectric sensor via the saddle. For
this reason, when the saddle is replaced or the cutting for adjusting the height of the string is
performed, the pressure applied to the piezoelectric sensor may change, and the detection
sensitivity of the sound may change.
[0089]
On the other hand, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment is provided on the surface
120 a of the fixing portion 122 of the bridge 120. For this reason, even when the saddle is
replaced or cut, the piezoelectric sensor 10 and the saddle 16 do not contact each other, so that
the detection sensitivity of the sound of the pickup 1 does not change.
[0090]
In addition, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment can be attached later to a classical
guitar not provided with the pickup 1. That is, when the owner of the classical guitar desires, the
classical guitar can be modified to a classical guitar 200 equipped with the pickup 1. In this case,
the piezoelectric sensor 10 is provided on the surface 120 a of the fixed portion 122, and the
wiring 20 is inserted into the through hole 19, so that the pickup 1 of the present embodiment
can be attached at low cost.
[0091]
Further, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment is assembled by the pressing force of
the main body 2 and the strings 8c. That is, the pickup 1 according to the present embodiment
can prevent the movement of the position of the pickup 1 due to the string vibration and the
separation from the main body 2 as well as the necessity of using a special assembling member
and a fixing agent.
04-05-2019
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[0092]
Further, since the pickup 1 has a simple structure disposed on the surface 120a of the bridge
120, it is not necessary to specially change the tension of the strings 8c of the classical guitar
200 and the method of stretching the strings 8c. For this reason, the influence on the sound
quality by attaching the pickup 1 is small. Moreover, the fall of the workability in reassignment
of string 8c does not occur, either.
[0093]
The embodiments described above are presented as examples, and are not intended to limit the
scope of the invention. The embodiment described above can be implemented in other various
forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing
from the scope of the invention. The above-described embodiments and the modifications thereof
are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof as well as
included in the scope and the gist of the invention.
[0094]
For example, in the embodiment described above, the present invention has been described as
applied to the acoustic guitar 100 and the classical guitar 200 as a stringed instrument, but the
present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied.
[0095]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pickup, 2 ... main body, 2a ... sound board, 4 ... neck, 6 ... head, 8
... string, 8a ... ball, 8c ... string, 10 ... piezoelectric sensor, 11 ... piezoelectric element, 12 ... bridge,
120 ... bridge , 120a: surface, 122: fixed portion, 124: support base, 12a: saddle groove, 12b:
guide groove, 13a: first electrode, 13b: second electrode, 14: tuning peg, 15: base, 16: saddle ,
17: coating material, 18: hole, 18a: hole, 18b: hole, 18c: hole, 19: through hole, 20: wiring, 21:
connection terminal, 30: pin, 40: reinforcing plate, 40a: surface, 50 ... Cap, 50a ... Cap, 50b ... Cap,
50c ... Cap, 51 ... Arm part, 501 ... Bottom wall part, 502 ... Side wall part, 53 ... Protective part, 54
... Top face, 55 ... Convex part, 57 ... Concave part, 58 ... Sidewall, 60 Shim, 100 ... acoustic guitar,
100b ... acoustic guitar, 100c ... acoustic guitar, 200 ... classical guitar.
04-05-2019
25

JPS60111200

JPS5933397

JPS6074399

JPS59166596

JPS5956900

JPS5973898

JPS6091000

JPS59157396

JPS58155191

JPS59164399