JPH02196984

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DESCRIPTION JPH02196984
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a
horn of an ultrasonic switch for detecting a human body such as an automatic door.
[Conventional technology] In the reflection type ultrasonic switch for detecting a human body of
an automatic door, the attachment position of the sensor was conventionally made to be a ceiling,
but in recent years it has been blinded by the reason such as providing a shutter just before the
door It has become mainstream to attach sensors. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As
shown in FIG. 26, when the sensor 102 of the reflection type ultrasonic switch 101 is attached to
the blind portion 104 above the door 103, the ultrasonic sensor 102 is another sensor. As a
result, the detection response is slow, and a wide detection area 105 is required. However, if the
detection area 105 is made too wide, there is a problem that the ultrasonic wave is reflected by
the uneven portion 103 a such as the lattice of the door 103 and the like, causing a malfunction.
That is, the human body 106 coming to the door 103 enters the detection area 105 and the
ultrasonic switch 101 operates, and the door 103 is opened. Even if it is inside, it is not
determined that one reflected wave has caught the human body 106. Therefore, the door 103
does not start to open at the position of the maximum distance X of the detection area 105, and
the door 103 starts to open after the door 103 is approached. Therefore, shortening the
maximum road #X causes the human 106 to collide with the door 103 before the door 103 is
opened. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to make the maximum path Nx sufficiently large.
However, if the largest path #X is made large, even if the angle of the ultrasonic wave sensor 102
is largely changed, the detection area 105 is caught on the uneven portion 103a of the door 103,
and a malfunction occurs. An object of the present invention is to provide a horn of an ultrasonic
switch which can quickly detect a human body and can provide a detection area capable of
preventing a malfunction due to a reflected wave from an uneven portion or the like of a door.
[Means for Solving the Problems] The horn of the ultrasonic switch of the present invention is
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one in which one of the facing inner surface portions is a convex curved surface portion and the
other inner surface portion is a concave curved surface portion. [Operation] According to the
configuration of the present invention, the spread of the detection area is asymmetrical, and is
wide on the convex curved surface side of the horn inner surface and narrow on the concave
curved surface side. Therefore, when installing the door above the door, by directing the
narrower side of the detection area toward the door side, it is possible to obtain a detection area
that extends widely in front of the door and does not hang on the surface of the door. An
embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG.
1 is a longitudinal front view of the horn, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view. The horn 1 is
provided with a fitting cylinder portion 1c at the base end, and is fitted with an ultrasonic
transducer 2 composed of a microphone. The horn 1 has a frontal shape in which both sides are
gradually graded, and one inner surface portion of the opposing side wall portion is formed on
the convex curved surface portion 1a, and the other inner surface portion is formed on the
concave curved surface portion 1b. The opening side end positions of the convex curved surface
portion 1 a and the concave curved surface portion 1 b are symmetrical to each other with
respect to the center line l of the transducer 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the front and rear inner
surface portions 1d and le of the horn 1 are substantially parallel planes. The shape of the
opening edge If of the horn 1 is formed in an oblong shape in which the front and rear portions
are flat as shown in FIG. 3 (B). FIG. 4 is an external view of the entire ultrasonic switch. The horn
1 is attached to the front of the amplifier housing 3, and the amplifier housing 3 is rotatably
mounted on a pair of brackets 5 provided on both sides so as to be vertically pivotable about the
support shaft 6. The bracket 5 is provided so as to protrude from the control circuit storage
portion 4, and the control circuit storage portion 4 is provided with an attachment hole 8 for
inserting a fixing screw 7 to a construction material. The control circuit storage unit 4 is installed
in the blind portion 10 on the door 9 as shown in FIG. According to this configuration, as shown
in FIG. 1, the detection area 11 spreads on the side of the convex curved surface portion le of the
horn 1 and has a shape that does not spread much on the side of the concave curved surface
portion lb. Reference numeral 11a denotes a boundary on the expansion side of the detection
area 11, and reference numeral 11b denotes a boundary on the non-spreading side. The side
surface shape of the detection area 11 is a shape that spreads symmetrically in the front and
back direction as shown in FIG. Thus, since the front shape of the detection area 11 is
asymmetrical to the center of the transducer 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the non-spread side of the
detection area 11 may be directed to the door 9 side. it can. As a result, the detection area 11
extends far in front of the door 9 and does not overlap the uneven portion 9 a such as a grid of
the door 9. Therefore, the detection of the human body 12 is quick, and the uneven portion 9 of
the door 9. ! There is no false detection due to reflection from the lens, and stable detection
operation can be obtained. 6 to 8 show the second embodiment. In this example, the inclination
angles of the convex surface portion 1a and the concave surface portion 1b with respect to the
center line i are different from each other, and both ends from the center line i of the opening
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edge if The distances to wl are different from each other. Eccentricity ratio or distance Mw1. w.
The ratio of can be set freely. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
The detection area 1F in this case is as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. As described above, by changing
the eccentricity ratio between the convex curved surface portion 1a and the concave curved
surface portion 1b, the degree of eccentricity of the detection area 11 'can be changed, which
makes it easy to cope with the installation situation.
In the examples of FIGS. 9 to 11, the distance W3 ° w4 of the opening edge is made different
from each other, and the ratio of the longitudinal width W and the widthwise width 2 which is
the sum thereof is made different from the example of FIG. It is Further, the side surface shape of
the horn 1 is also a shape in which the mouth portion is spread as shown in FIG. The detection
area 11 'in this case is as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. As described above, by appropriately
combining the opening shape of the horn 1 and the eccentricity ratio (w, w ratio), various
detection areas can be further formed, and it becomes easy to cope with the installation W1
situation. By preparing the horns 1 of the first to third embodiments, various detection areas can
be freely selected. 12 and 13 show a fourth embodiment. In this example, the length of the fitting
portion 1c 'is increased so that a separation distance can be obtained between the front surface
of the transducer 2 and the front end of the fitting portion 1c'. By changing the distance #h and
the diameter φ of the fitting portion 1c 'variously, a biased detection area can be stably obtained
even if the ambient temperature changes. 14 and 15 show a fifth embodiment. In this example,
an extension 1g is provided at the tip of the horn l. By providing the extension 1g in this manner,
even if the ambient temperature changes, a detection area of the uneven shape can be stably
obtained. FIG. 16 is an electric circuit diagram of an ultrasonic switch using the horn 1 of this
embodiment, and will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. The transmission
signal (FIG. 17 (A)) applied to the transducer 2 is obtained by amplifying the high frequency
signal generated by the light wave circuit 25 by the driver 26. The first monostable circuit 22
sets the idle period of the transmission signal, and the second monostable circuit 24 sets the
application period. The first integration circuit 21 integrates at the same time when the power is
turned on, and drives the first monostable circuit 22 when it reaches a certain level. The
switching circuit 23 is for discharging the first integration circuit 21. The delivery signal of the
transducer 2 is amplified by the amplifier circuit 28 (FIG. 17 (B)), and then envelope detection is
performed by the detection circuit 29. The amplified delivery signals include the delivery signal
part a of the human body and the delivery signal part of the floor. The level detection circuit 30
determines whether the output of the detection circuit 29 (FIG. 17 (C)) has reached a
predetermined detection level L +, and the output when the detection level is 1 or more (FIG. ) Is
input to the second integration circuit 31. The second integration circuit 31 determines whether
or not the temporal width of the input signal that has reached the detection level is within a
predetermined time width, based on a predetermined level Lt (FIG. 17 (F)).
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That is, if this time is shorter than the predetermined time width, it is determined that the
detected object is not a reflected wave but noise. Further, the gate signal (FIG. 17 (D)) is applied
from the gate 27 by the second integration circuit 31, and it is also determined whether the input
wave is within a predetermined time. The gate 27 receives the signal of the first monostable
circuit 22 and outputs a gate signal (FIG. 17 (D)) after a predetermined time, and sends the signal
to the second integration circuit 31 to determine the so-called detection distance. It is. When
there is an input wave determined to be within the gate time with a predetermined time width in
the second integration circuit 31, the flip flop 32 stores the signal (FIG. 17 (G)), and this storage
is It is reset by the second monostable circuit 24 and is not stored when the reflected wave
disappears. The third integration circuit 35 integrates the output of the flip flop 32. This integral
output (FIG. 17 (H)) is the switching level L if the reflected wave is within the gate time for two
consecutive times. Set to reach. When the output reaches the switching level L3, the second
switching circuit 33 turns on the relay 34. The relay 34 is for turning on and off the door drive
motor. FIGS. 18 to 21 show another example of the ultrasonic switch using the horn 1. This
example is an amplifier storage portion 3 to which the horn l is attached and a bracket 5 'for
rotatably supporting the same. , And the detection horn block 60 is detachably attached to the
control circuit housing 4 by the fixing screw 40. The amplifier housing 3 and the control circuit
housing 4 are connected by a cord 41.42 and a connector 43 ° 44. An additional connector 45
is provided in the control circuit housing 4 via a cord 46. FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram of a control
circuit. The output of the driver 26 is connected to the output terminal of the connector 44 and
the expansion connector 45, and the input of the amplifier circuit 28 is connected to the input
terminal. Reference numeral 50 denotes an amplifier circuit in the amplifier housing 3 of the
detection horn block 60, which is connected between the transducer 2 and the amplifier circuit
28. Reference numeral 60 'denotes a detection horn block for expansion, which has the same
configuration as the detection horn block 60. In the case of the second configuration, since the
detection horn block 60 provided with the transducer 2 is free to the control circuit storage unit
4 and the connectors 42 and 43 and the connector 45 for expansion are provided, detection is
performed. It is easy to change the area. For example, as shown in FIG. 20, the control circuit
storage unit 4 is installed in the blind area 10 above the door 9, and the detection horn block 60
is provided before and after the door 9 to form the detection area 11 as shown. In this case, the
detection horn block 60 'can be added to the ceiling 61 to provide a detection area 63 as shown
by a broken line.
Thereby, the human body 12 can be detected from the near side. The additional detection horn
block 60 ′ is connected to the control circuit housing 4 by a cord 62. In this case, the relay
harness 48 shown in FIG. 19 can be used as the cord 62. If the detection area ll is not required
on the front face of the door 9, only one detection horn block 60 may be removed from the
control circuit storage 4 of the blind portion 10 and re-installed on the ceiling 61. 22 to 25 show
still another example of the ultrasonic switch using this horn 1. This example is intended to
prevent malfunction due to air fault. To explain the outline, the indoor ultrasonic switch 70 and
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the outdoor ultrasonic switch 70 'are provided in the blind portion 10 above the door 9, and
after the human body detection of the indoor ultrasonic switch 70, the outdoor side is outdoor
for a certain time. The detection capability of the ultrasonic switch 70 'is reduced. FIG. 25 shows
a circuit diagram thereof. A signal for operating the timer 72 with the output of the relay 34 at
the time of human body detection of the indoor side ultrasonic switch 70 and reducing the gain
of the amplification circuit 28 'of the outdoor side ultrasonic switch 70'. Is given from the
switching circuit 78 for the set time of the timer 72. The electric circuit of the indoor ultrasonic
switch 70 is similar to the example of FIG. The outdoor ultrasonic switch 70 'receives the driver
input of the transducer 2' from the oscillation circuit 25 of the indoor ultrasonic switch 70. The
other electric circuit configuration of the outdoor ultrasonic switch 70 'is the same as that of the
indoor ultrasonic switch 70, and the corresponding parts are dashes with the same reference
numerals. The indoor ultrasonic switch 70 and the outdoor ultrasonic switch 70 'are parent-child
machines. The indoor ultrasonic switch 70 is a master unit, and is provided with a connector 79
(FIG. 23) for connection to an outdoor ultrasonic switch 70 'which is a slave unit. Before
explaining the operation of this example, the problem of human body detection by ultrasonic
waves will be described. Due to the installation of air conditioners and refrigerated equipment,
the temperature difference between the air may be large on both sides of the door. In a cold area,
the room is heated by heating and the outside is often cold. In such a case, the following problem
of malfunction occurs. As shown in FIG. 22, when the indoor ultrasonic switch 70 and the
outdoor ultrasonic switch 70 ′ ′ are provided in the blind portion 10 to detect the human
body and open the door 9, the human body is detected, and the door is detected After 9 is
opened and a person leaves the detection area 11, an air fault 82 occurs between the warm air
80 (FIG. 24) and the cold air 81.
The ultrasonic wave is reflected by the air fault 82 and slightly exceeds the operation level.
Therefore, the opening time of the door 9 becomes unnecessarily long. That is, the warm air 80
and the cold air 81 are mixed to reduce the temperature difference, and the door 9 remains open
until the reflection of the air fault 82 becomes less than the operation level. In the case where the
outside is cold and the room is warm, the reflection of the ultrasonic waves outside the room is
large, and in many cases, the ultrasonic switch 70 'on the outdoor side causes a malfunction.
However, according to the configuration of FIG. 25, when the indoor ultrasonic switch 70 detects
a human body, the gain of the amplification circuit 28 'is decreased by the set time of the timer
72 when the outdoor ultrasonic switch 70' is detected. It becomes narrow. In FIG. 22, the symbol
llO indicates a narrowed detection area, so that the reflection by the air fault 82 of FIG. 24 is not
detected, and the malfunction is eliminated. That is, the door 9 is surely closed. When the
ultrasonic wave is reflected by the air fault 82 and the operation level is exceeded as described
above, it only slightly exceeds the operation level, and it is regrettable that the operation level is
greatly exceeded even in the middle of winter. Therefore, it is not necessary to extremely reduce
the gain of the amplification circuit 28 ', which does not interfere with detection of the human
body, and in this example, the transmission timing of the transducer 2' of the outdoor ultrasonic
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switch 70 ' Although it is obtained from the indoor side ultrasonic switch 70 which is an aircraft,
there is no problem of interference due to the difference in transmission timing between the
master and the slave. Although the detection level of the outdoor side is reduced in this example,
the detection level of the indoor side may be reduced depending on the installation environment,
and in this example, the gain of the amplifier 28 'is reduced. Although the detection level is
reduced, the output of transmission may be reduced to reduce the detection level. f) The horn of
the ultrasonic switch according to the present invention has the opposite inner surface portion as
the convex curved surface portion and the other inner surface portion as the concave curved
surface portion. A narrow detection area is obtained on the curved surface side. Therefore, when
installed above the door, there is an effect that a human body can be detected quickly, and stable
operation without malfunction due to reflection from an uneven surface such as a grid of the
door can be obtained.
[0002]
Brief description of the drawings
[0003]
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view showing a horn and a detection area according to an
embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3
(A) is an enlarged longitudinal sectional front view of the horn. (B) is a bottom view of the horn,
FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of an ultrasonic switch using the horn, FIG. 5 is an
operation explanatory view of the same, and FIG. 6 is a horn of the second embodiment. 7 is a
longitudinal sectional front view showing the detection area, FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side
view showing the detection area, and FIG. 9 (A) is a longitudinal sectional front view of the third
embodiment, FIG. 9 (B) is a bottom view thereof, FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional front view
showing its detection area, FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view showing its detection area, and
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the fourth embodiment. Fig. 13 is a longitudinal
sectional view thereof, Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the fifth embodiment, Fig.
15 The perspective view, FIG. 16 is a block diagram of an example of the electric circuit of the
ultrasonic switch using the horn of this embodiment, FIG. 17 is a waveform diagram thereof, and
FIG. 18 is another ultrasonic switch using the horn Fig. 19 is an exploded perspective view of the
example of Fig. 20, Fig. 20 is an explanatory view of another example of use of this horn, Fig. 21
is a block diagram of the electric circuit thereof, and Fig. 22 is a further illustration of this horn
FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the indoor ultrasonic switch, FIG. 24 is an operation explanatory
view thereof, FIG. 25 is a block diagram of the electric circuit in the same manner, and FIG. FIG.
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DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... horn, la ... convex curve part, lb ... concave curve part, 2 ...
transducer, 11 ... detection area, 3 ... amplifier storage part, 4 ... control Circuit storage part, 9 ...
door, 12 ... human body Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 3 Fig. 26 Fig. 26 Fig. 10 Fig. 10 '' C, 'f 15 Fig. (D)
Gate circuit output Fig. 17 = 1 第 Fig. 23 Fig. 22 Fig. 24
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