JP2011040989

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DESCRIPTION JP2011040989
An object of the present invention is to provide a ribbon type microphone unit and a ribbon type
microphone capable of reducing damage without damage to a ribbon even if an impact force is
applied during transportation, installation and the like. A ribbon-type microphone unit includes a
permanent magnet (4) that forms a magnetic field, and a ribbon-type diaphragm (1) that is
disposed in the magnetic field and that receives and vibrates acoustic waves. The ribbon
diaphragm 1 has an elastic layer 20 made of a synthetic resin formed at least in a portion that
receives and vibrates a sound wave. It is preferable that the ribbon diaphragm 1 is formed in a
triangular wave shape by alternately bending the portions vibrating in response to the sound
wave in the length direction. The elastic layer 20 may be formed on one side or both sides of the
ribbon diaphragm 1, or may be formed only on both side edges of the ribbon diaphragm.
[Selected figure] Figure 1
Ribbon type microphone unit and ribbon type microphone
[0001]
The present invention relates to a ribbon microphone unit and ribbon microphone capable of
preventing damage to or reducing damage to a ribbon diaphragm even when an impact is applied
during transportation or installation.
[0002]
The ribbon microphone mainly comprises a magnet for forming a magnetic field and a ribbon
diaphragm.
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The magnets are disposed in parallel on both sides at a predetermined distance, a magnetic field
is formed between the magnets on both sides, and a ribbon diaphragm is disposed in the
magnetic field. The ribbon diaphragm is usually made of an aluminum foil having a thickness of
several μm. Aluminum is suitable as a ribbon diaphragm of a ribbon type microphone because
aluminum has a low electrical resistance and a low specific gravity compared to other metal
materials. The ribbon diaphragm is given appropriate tension to hold both ends in the lengthwise
direction, and a slight gap exists between both sides of the ribbon diaphragm and a magnet
facing the ribbon diaphragm. When the ribbon diaphragm receives a sound wave and vibrates in
a magnetic field, a current corresponding to the sound wave flows through the ribbon
diaphragm, and the sound wave is converted into an electric signal.
[0003]
5 and 6 show an example of a conventionally known ribbon microphone unit. In FIGS. 5 and 6,
the ribbon microphone unit includes a frame 7 formed in a rectangular frame shape that is long
in the longitudinal direction. On the inner surface of the frame 7, a pair of permanent magnets 4,
4 are fixed along both sides in the long side direction with a predetermined distance between
both permanent magnets. The permanent magnets 4 and 4 are magnetized in the width direction
(left and right direction in FIG. 5). The magnetization directions of both permanent magnets 4
and 4 are the same, and a parallel magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets 4
and 4.
[0004]
In the parallel magnetic field, a ribbon diaphragm (hereinafter simply referred to as "ribbon") 1
which also serves as a diaphragm and a conductor is disposed. The ribbon 1 has an elongated
strip shape, and both ends in the lengthwise direction are fixed to electrode lead portions 18 and
18 provided at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the frame 7. The electrode lead portions
18, 18 are insulated from the frame 7, and the terminal plates 9, 9 are fixed to the electrode lead
portions 18, 18. By screwing the holding members 8, 8 into the terminal plates 9, 9 with the
screws 10 in a state in which the ribbon 1 is given a suitable tension, both end portions 11, 11 of
the ribbon 1 are respectively terminal plates 9, 9 and the holding members 8, It is held by eight.
In this manner, the electrode lead-out portions 18, 18 are electrically conducted through the
ribbon 1.
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[0005]
The ribbon 1 is formed in a triangular wave shape by alternately bending the portions other than
the both end portions 11, 11 corresponding to the electrode lead portions 18, 18 at regular
intervals in the length direction. The direction of the line formed by this bending, that is, the
direction of the line drawn by the crests and bottoms of the triangular wave peaks is the width
direction of the ribbon 1, and these lines are formed at regular intervals.
[0006]
The direction in which the ribbon 1 receives an acoustic wave and vibrates is the direction to
break the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets 4 and 4, and the ribbon 1 made of a
conductor generates power by breaking the magnetic flux. An electrical signal is generated
between the lead portions 18, 18. Since this electrical signal becomes a signal of frequency and
amplitude corresponding to the frequency and amplitude of the ribbon 1, it will be converted into
an electrical signal corresponding to the sound wave received by the ribbon 1.
[0007]
Since the ribbon microphone configured as described above is bi-directional and the control
system of the bi-directional ribbon microphone is mass control, the tension of the ribbon 1 is set
so that the resonance frequency becomes low. Is set very low. As described above, the low
tension is realized by forming the ribbon 1 in the shape of a triangular wave by alternately
bending the vibration portions other than the both end portions 11 and 11 at regular intervals in
the length direction.
[0008]
As described above, since the tension of the ribbon 1 is low and the vibrating portions are
alternately bent and formed in a triangular wave shape, when an impact force is applied to the
microphone, it is formed as described above by the inertial force by the mass of the ribbon. The
ribbon 1 is deformed, resulting in deterioration of characteristics and malfunction. This point is
the weakness of the ribbon microphone. 7 to 10 explain the reason why such a problem occurs.
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As shown by the arrows in FIG. 7, when an impact force is applied in the left-right direction, ie, in
a direction parallel to the surface of the ribbon 1 receiving the sound waves, the ribbon 1 tends
to deform in the direction of the impact force as shown in FIG. Here, the ribbon 1 is not deformed
unless the bent position of the ribbon 1 indicated by the arrow in FIG. However, since the
conventional ribbon is not provided with measures for preventing the bending position from
spreading, the bending position is deformed.
[0009]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the ribbon 1 is significantly deformed at the bending position on
the side opposite to the side on which the impact force is applied, and one of the left and right
bending positions is extended by plastic deformation. In other words, different stresses are
applied to the left and right of the ribbon 1, and the ribbon 1 plastically deforms in an
asymmetrical manner. As a result, the ribbon 1 can not return to its original shape, and the
resonance frequency shifts and the frequency characteristics deteriorate. In addition, when the
deformation of the ribbon 1 is more than a certain degree, the ribbon 1 contacts the permanent
magnet 4 facing each other with a slight gap, and the frequency characteristic is extremely
deteriorated or causes an operation failure.
[0010]
Conventionally, when transporting a ribbon microphone, it is devised to attach a cushion to the
inside and the outside of the box for housing the microphone so that the impact force is not
directly applied to the microphone. However, in cases other than transportation, for example,
when the ribbon microphone is attached to the stand at the installation site of the ribbon
microphone, an impact force may be applied due to a factor such as being dropped accidentally,
and the impact generated due to this factor No action has been taken against force.
[0011]
The present inventor has previously filed a patent application for various inventions related to a
ribbon microphone unit and a ribbon microphone, or a method of manufacturing a ribbon for a
ribbon microphone. For example, the inventions described in Patent Document 1 and Patent
Document 2 are a part thereof. However, even the inventions described in Patent Document 1
and Patent Document 2 do not consider measures for effectively reducing the damage to the
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ribbon due to the impact force as described above.
[0012]
JP, 2009-135630, A JP, 2009-105506, A
[0013]
The present invention solves the problems of the prior art described above, and even if an impact
force is applied during transportation, installation, etc., there is no ribbon damage or a ribbon
type microphone unit capable of reducing the damage. It aims at providing a ribbon type
microphone.
[0014]
The present invention is a ribbon type microphone unit provided with a permanent magnet for
forming a magnetic field and a ribbon type diaphragm disposed in the magnetic field and
vibrating upon receiving a sound wave, wherein the ribbon type diaphragm is at least a sound
wave. The main feature is that an elastic layer made of a synthetic resin is formed in a portion
that receives and vibrates.
[0015]
As in another aspect of the present invention, the ribbon diaphragm may be formed into a
triangular wave shape by alternately bending the portions vibrating in response to the sound
wave in the length direction.
As in still another embodiment of the present invention, the elastic layer may be formed on one
side of the ribbon diaphragm, or may be formed on both sides of the ribbon diaphragm, both
sides of the ribbon diaphragm. It may be formed only at the edge.
[0016]
The ribbon diaphragm has an elastic layer made of a synthetic resin formed at least in a portion
that vibrates in response to a sound wave. Therefore, when an impact force is applied to deform,
the elastic force of the synthetic resin layer prevents the deformation. can do.
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As a result, even if an impact force is applied, deterioration of the frequency characteristics can
be prevented.
[0017]
It is a front view showing the example of the ribbon type microphone unit concerning the present
invention.
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the said Example. It is a front view which expands and
shows a part of ribbon type diaphragm in the said Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional
view which expands and shows a part of said ribbon type ¦ mold diaphragm. It is a front view
which shows the example of the conventional ribbon type microphone unit. It is a longitudinal
cross-sectional view of the said prior art example. It is a front view which shows a part of ribbon
type diaphragm in the said prior art example. It is a front view which shows the mode of a
deformation ¦ transformation when impact force is added to the ribbon type diaphragm in the
said prior art example from the horizontal direction. FIG. 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view
showing a position where an impact force is applied to the ribbon diaphragm in the abovementioned conventional example. It is a front view which shows more concretely the mode of a
deformation ¦ transformation when impact force is added to the ribbon type diaphragm in the
said prior art example from the horizontal direction.
[0018]
Hereinafter, embodiments of a ribbon microphone unit and a ribbon microphone according to
the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The feature of the present
invention lies in the configuration of the ribbon diaphragm (hereinafter simply referred to as
"ribbon"), and the other configuration is almost the same as the configuration of the conventional
example. doing.
[0019]
1 and 2, the ribbon microphone unit includes a frame 7 made of a magnetic material and formed
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in a rectangular frame shape long in the longitudinal direction. On the inner surface of the frame
7, a pair of permanent magnets 4, 4 are fixed parallel to each other along the both sides in the
long side direction with a predetermined distance between both permanent magnets. The
permanent magnets 4 and 4 are magnetized in the width direction (left and right direction in FIG.
1). The magnetization directions of both permanent magnets 4 and 4 are the same, and a parallel
magnetic field is formed between the permanent magnets 4 and 4.
[0020]
In the parallel magnetic field, a ribbon 1 serving as a diaphragm and a conductor is disposed. The
ribbon 1 has an elongated strip shape, and both ends in the lengthwise direction are fixed to
electrode lead portions 18 and 18 provided at both ends in the lengthwise direction of the frame
7. The electrode lead-out portions 18, 18 are insulated from the frame 7, and the terminal plates
9, 9 are fixed to the electrode lead-out portions 18, 18. Both ends 11 and 11 of the ribbon 1 are
connected to the terminal plates 9 and 9 respectively by pressing the holding members 8 and 8
made of a conductive material to the terminal plates 9 and 9 with the screws 10 in a state where
the ribbon 1 is given appropriate tension. , And the ribbon 1 is supported by the frame 7. Thus,
the electrode lead-out portions 18, 18 at both ends are electrically conducted via the ribbon 1.
[0021]
In the ribbon 1, portions other than the both end portions 11 corresponding to the electrode lead
portions 18, that is, portions that receive and vibrate sound waves are alternately bent in the
length direction at fixed intervals and formed in a triangular wave shape There is. The direction
of the line formed by this bending, that is, the direction of the line drawn by the crests and
bottoms of the triangular wave peaks is the width direction of ribbon 1 (left and right direction in
FIG. 1) They are parallel to one another at regular intervals.
[0022]
The direction in which the ribbon 1 receives a sound wave and vibrates is the direction to cut the
magnetic flux forming the magnetic field between the permanent magnets 4 and 4, and the
ribbon 1 made of a conductor generates power by cutting the magnetic flux. An electrical signal
is generated between the ends of the direction and thus between the electrode leads 18, 18.
Since this electrical signal becomes a signal of frequency and amplitude corresponding to the
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frequency and amplitude of the ribbon 1, it is electroacoustically converted and output in
response to the sound wave striking the ribbon 1.
[0023]
The ribbon microphone configured as described above is bi-directional. Since the control system
of the bi-directional ribbon microphone is mass control, the tension of the diaphragm is set to be
extremely low so that the resonance frequency is low. As described above, the low tension is
realized by forming the ribbon 1 in the shape of a triangular wave by alternately bending the
vibration portions other than the both end portions 11 and 11 at regular intervals in the length
direction.
[0024]
Therefore, if no measures to prevent the deformation of the ribbon 1 due to the impact force are
considered, the ribbon 1 is easily deformed by the application of the impact force. Therefore, in
the present embodiment, an elastic layer 20 made of a synthetic resin is formed on a portion of
the ribbon 1 that vibrates at least by receiving a sound wave. In the illustrated embodiment, as
shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the elastic layer 20 is formed only on the left and right side edges of the
ribbon 1. In other words, it is formed continuously along the longitudinal direction of the ribbon
1 along both side edges in the width direction of the ribbon 1. Further, the elastic layer 20 is
formed on both sides of the ribbon 1 so as to sandwich the ribbon 1.
[0025]
According to the ribbon 1 used in the above embodiment, an impact force is applied from a
direction parallel to the surface receiving the sound wave, and as shown in FIGS. Even if a force is
applied, the elastic force of the elastic layer 20 acts to push the ribbon 1 back to its original
shape, and plastic deformation of the ribbon 1 can be prevented. As a result, deterioration of the
frequency characteristics due to deformation of the ribbon 1 can be prevented, and malfunction
due to the ribbon 1 coming into contact with a permanent magnet adjacent thereto can be
prevented.
[0026]
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The ribbon 1 is made of aluminum foil, and the elastic layer 20 is made of, for example, a
polyester layer. As described above, since the control system of the ribbon microphone is a mass
control system, it is desirable that the mass of the ribbon diaphragm be as small as possible.
Therefore, since the increase in mass due to the addition of the elastic layer 20 should be
avoided as much as possible, the material of the elastic layer 20 is a polyester with a relatively
low specific gravity. The specific gravity of aluminum is 2.71, while the specific gravity of
polyester is 1.38. Further, the range in which the elastic layer 20 is formed is also along the side
edges in the width direction of the ribbon 1 and in the longitudinal direction of the ribbon 1 as
the minimum range in which a predetermined effect can be obtained, as in the illustrated
example. It formed continuously. Thereby, the deformation prevention effect of the ribbon 1 as
described later can be obtained with a small increase in mass.
[0027]
In Patent Document 1, as a ribbon of a ribbon-type microphone, triangular wave-shaped bent
portions are alternately formed in a direction orthogonal to the triangular wave of the ribbon in
the illustrated embodiment at the portion receiving the sound wave. Is described. In other words,
a ribbon is described which is alternately folded along the longitudinal lines of the ribbon so that
the triangular wave travels in the width direction of the ribbon. The ribbon can be made more
rigid if it is folded so as to make such triangular wave-like unevenness. However, since it
becomes difficult to receive and vibrate the sound wave if it is assumed that the triangular wave
is uneven, the triangular wave in the direction orthogonal to the triangular wave on both sides in
the length direction of the ribbon sandwiching the triangular wave, that is, The asperities are
formed to produce a triangular wave similar to that of the triangular wave in the embodiment of
the present invention. The invention can be applied to ribbons as described in the abovementioned U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,015 and also to ribbons of any other shape.
[0028]
The elastic layer made of synthetic resin, which is a feature of the present invention, may be
formed only on one surface of the ribbon diaphragm. Also, it may be formed on both sides of the
ribbon diaphragm. In any case, the intended purpose can be achieved.
[0029]
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The ribbon-type microphone unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be configured as a ribbon-type
microphone by incorporating this into the microphone case and providing a connector for
external connection.
[0030]
The ribbon microphone unit and the ribbon microphone according to the present invention are
not particularly limited in application, but are suitable for use in a studio.
Because of its excellent acoustic characteristics and unique sound quality, future demand is
expected.
[0031]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ribbon type ¦ mold diaphragm (ribbon) 4 permanent magnet 7
flame ¦ frame 8 pinching member 9 terminal plate 18 electrode drawing-out part 20 elastic layer
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