JP2009005241

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DESCRIPTION JP2009005241
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simultaneous bidirectional transmitting / receiving
apparatus capable of simultaneously performing transmission and reception. SOLUTION: A node
plate 7 is coaxially arranged between two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b, and the
polarity on the node plate 7 side of the two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b is the
same. I assume. The front mass 3 is stacked on the other end face of the cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrator 2a via the insulating seat 6a, and the rear mass 4 is stacked on the other end face of the
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2b via the insulating seat 6b, The whole is fastened by the shaft
5. The lead 8b is drawn from the front mass 3 side of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2a and
the lead 8c is drawn from the rear mass 4 side of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2b, and
the balanced input terminal 9a of the primary winding of the insulating transformer 11
Connected to 9b. From the node plate 7 side, a transmission signal is input between the lead wire
8a and the lead wire from the neutral point of the primary winding. Both ends of the secondary
side winding of the isolation transformer 11 become a received signal output. [Selected figure]
Figure 2
Vibrator assembly and simultaneous bi-directional transceiver
[0001]
The present invention relates to a transmission / reception dual-use two-way transmission /
reception apparatus mainly used for underwater communication devices and altimeter used
underwater.
[0002]
Conventionally, as a prior art related to an ultrasonic transducer, a transducer using a bolt-
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clamped Langevin-type vibrator in which a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators are sandwiched
using a front mass and a rear mass which are additional masses and fixed by bolts ( For example,
see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a conventional transmission / reception device.
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8, an underwater communication device or an altimeter using
these ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving devices is composed of a transmitting and
receiving device 100 and a transmitting and receiving circuit 120.
The transducer 100 includes a vibrator assembly 101 in which at least two cylindrical
piezoelectric vibrators 102a and 102b, a front mass 103, a rear mass 104, and a shaft 105 are
stacked and fastened, and each cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 102a , 102b, and the two lead
wires 108a and 108b drawn out as common lines for each of the polarization polarity +/− of
each other become an electrical side input / output terminal. The conventional transducer 100
utilizes the primary longitudinal vibration of the transducer assembly 101.
[0004]
The lead wires 108 a and 108 b connected to the electrical side input / output terminal of the
transducer 100 are connected to the transmission / reception switching circuit 122 of the
transmission / reception circuit 120. When receiving the transmission signal from the
transmission circuit 123, the transmission / reception switching circuit 122 inputs the
transmission signal to the transmission / reception device 100, and transmits the reception
signal output of the transmission / reception device 100 to the reception circuit 124 when there
is no transmission signal.
[0005]
Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2003-174695
[0006]
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However, in the configuration including the transmitter-receiver 100 and the transmitter-receiver
circuit 120 as described above, the transmission time and reception time of the transmitterreceiver 100 are divided, and in the case of the underwater communication unit, the transmission
/ reception communication is only time division. I can not do it.
[0007]
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the receiving time measurable time of the conventional altimeter.
Further, with the altimeter, as shown in FIG. 9, there is a problem that the altitude measurement
can not be performed in the transmission time and can not be measured, and the altitude
measurement can be performed only in the reception time.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present
invention is to provide a simultaneous bidirectional transmission / reception device capable of
simultaneously performing transmission and reception.
[0009]
According to the present invention, two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators having electrodes on
both end faces and polarized in the axial direction, and the two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators
having an opening smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator The
node plate coaxially sandwiched and stacked between them and the end face opposite to the end
face of the first cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator in contact with the node plate coaxially with an
annular insulating seat interposed therebetween A rear mass coaxially disposed on an end face of
the second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator opposite to an end face contacting the node plate via
an annular insulating seat, and the front mass A shaft passes through the two cylindrical
piezoelectric vibrators stacked between the rear mass, the node plate, and the opening of the
insulating seat, and the shaft is screwed to the front mass and the rear mass. One body The two
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators are arranged such that the polarization polarities of the two
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators become the same on the node plate side, and the electrodes are
common to the electrodes having the same polarity on the node plate side. First lead wire as a
lead wire, a second lead wire drawn from an electrode on the front mass side of the first
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator, and the rear mass of the second cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrator And a third lead wire drawn from the side electrode.
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[0010]
Further, according to the present invention, two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators having
electrodes on both end faces and polarized in the axial direction, and two cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrators having openings smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrator. A node plate coaxially sandwiched between vibrators and stacked; and a front mass
coaxially disposed on an end face side opposite to an end face of the first cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrator in contact with the node plate; A rear mass coaxially disposed on an end face side
opposite to an end face of the second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator in contact with the node
plate, and the two cylinders laminated between the front mass and the rear mass A shaft passes
through an opening of the piezoelectric transducer and the node plate, and the shaft is integrated
with the front mass and the rear mass by screws, Cylindrical type A first lead wire, which is a
lead wire common to electrodes having the same polarity on the node plate side, is disposed so
that the polarization polarity of the electric vibrator becomes the same polarity on the node plate
side, and the first cylinder A second lead wire drawn from the electrode on the front mass side of
the piezoelectric vibrator, and a third lead wire drawn from the electrode on the rear mass side of
the second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator; At least one of a mass, the rear mass, and the shaft
is made of an insulating material.
[0011]
Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a transducer comprising: the
vibrator assembly; an insulation transformer having a winding which is balancedly input by the
primary side winding; and a case for housing the vibrator assembly and the insulation
transformer. The node plate of the vibrator assembly is attached to and supported by the case via
a buffer seat, and the second and third lead wires of the vibrator assembly are wound on the
primary side of the insulating transformer. A transmission signal input terminal connected
between the neutral point of the primary winding and the first lead of the vibrator assembly,
connected to the balanced input terminal of the wire; and the secondary of the isolation
transformer A side-by-side winding forms an output terminal of a received signal.
[0012]
Further, according to the present invention, the second lead wire of the vibrator assembly and
the input of the insulating transformer primary winding, and the third lead wire of the vibrator
assembly and the insulating transformer primary side The adjustment circuit is connected
between the input of the winding, and the cross talk to the reception signal output terminal by
the transmission signal is minimized by adjusting the constant of the adjustment circuit. Type
transmission / reception device.
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[0013]
With the above-described vibrator assembly and a simultaneous bidirectional transmission /
reception device using the same, transmission and reception can be performed simultaneously,
and a transmission / reception switching circuit becomes unnecessary, and an underwater
communication device is configured. Enables simultaneous two-way communication, enables
rapid information transmission, and when an altimeter is configured, it becomes possible to
configure a wide-range altimeter capable of measuring from an altitude of 0 m.
In addition, by providing the adjustment circuit between the vibrator assembly and the isolation
transformer, crosstalk can be easily minimized.
[0014]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on
the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a vibrator assembly according to the present embodiment.
The vibrator assembly 1 includes two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b, a front mass
3, a rear mass 4, a shaft 5, an insulation seat 6a and 6b, a node plate 7, three lead wires 8a, 8b
and 8c, etc. It consists of.
[0016]
Each of the two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b has electrodes on both end faces
and is polarized in the axial direction.
The node plate 7 has an opening smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrators 2a and 2b, and is coaxially sandwiched and laminated between the two cylindrical
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piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b.
[0017]
The front mass 3 is coaxially disposed on the end face of the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2a
facing the end face in contact with the node plate 7 via the annular insulating seat 6a.
On the other hand, the rear mass 4 is coaxially arranged on the end face of the cylindrical
piezoelectric vibrator 2b opposite to the end face in contact with the node plate 7 via the annular
insulating seat 6b.
[0018]
The shaft 5 penetrates through the openings of the two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and
2b, the node plate 7 and the insulating seats 6a and 6b stacked between the front mass 3 and the
rear mass 4 to form the front mass 3 and the rear mass 4 It is screwed together, and the vibrator
assembly 1 is fastened and integrated.
[0019]
Here, if at least one of the shaft 5, the front mass 3 and the rear mass 4 is made of an insulating
material, the insulating seat 6 a between the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2 a and the front
mass 3, and the cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2 b and the rear mass 4 There is no need to
stack the insulating seats 6b between them.
[0020]
In the vibrator assembly 1 configured as described above, the polarization polarities of the two
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b are arranged to be the same on the node plate 7
side.
For example, although the polarity on the side of the node plate 7 in FIG.
[0021]
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The first lead wire 8a is a lead wire common to the same polarity electrodes on the node plate 7
side.
The second lead wire 8b is drawn from the electrode on the front mass 3 side of the first
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2a.
Furthermore, the third lead wire 8c is drawn from the electrode on the rear mass 4 side of the
second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2b.
[0022]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a transducer 10 using the transducer assembly according to the
present embodiment.
The transducer 10 accommodates the vibrator assembly 1, the insulation transformer 11, the
vibrator assembly 1 and the insulation transformer 11, and supports the vibrator assembly 1
from the front case 13, the support case 14, the cap 15, etc. Become.
[0023]
The front case 13 is a cylindrical case, and has a concave notch 20 for supporting the front mass
3 on the front mass 3 side of the inner circumference of the cylinder, and an opposite side to the
front mass 3 side of the inner circumference of the cylinder. At the end, a buffer seat 17 is
provided in contact with the female screw coupling portion 19a and the female screw coupling
portion 19a.
[0024]
The support case 14 is also a cylindrical case, and one end of the support case 14 is provided
with a male screw coupling portion 19 b fitted to the female screw coupling portion 19 a of the
front case 13.
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The cap 15 is a lid that closes the opening at the other end of the support case 14.
A notch 21 is provided on the side surface of the cap 15, and an O-ring 16 b is attached to the
notch 21. In addition, the cap 15 is provided with four terminals 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d.
[0025]
The vibrator assembly 1 is inserted into the inside of the front case 13, and the O-ring 16 a
attached to the notch 20 of the front case 13 shields the space between the front mass 3 and the
front case 13. Further, the node plate 7 at the central portion of the vibrator assembly 1 is fitted
to the buffer seat 17 of the front case 13. Then, the male screw coupling portion 19b of the
support case 14 is fitted to the female screw coupling portion 19a of the front case 13, and the
node assembly 7 is held by sandwiching the node plate 7 through the buffer seat. It is fixed in the
case 14. The cap 15 is fitted to the other end of the support case 14, and the inside of the case is
shielded by the O-ring 16b.
[0026]
In addition to the vibrator assembly 1, an insulation transformer 11 is enclosed inside the
support case 14. The second lead wire 8 b and the third lead wire 8 c of the vibrator assembly 1
are connected to balanced input terminals 9 a and 9 b of the primary winding of the isolation
transformer 11. A signal line drawn from the neutral point of the primary winding of the
isolation transformer is connected to a terminal 12 b provided on the cap 15.
[0027]
Further, the first lead wire 8 a of the vibrator assembly 1 is connected to the terminal 12 a
provided on the cap 15. Both ends of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer 11 are
connected to a terminal 12c and a terminal 12d provided on the cap.
[0028]
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The lead wire 8b and the lead wire 8c, the primary winding of the insulating transformer 11, the
terminal 12a to which the lead wire 8a is connected, and the terminal 12b to which the signal
wire drawn from the neutral point of the primary winding is connected A line in which two
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b are connected in parallel with a forward polarity is
formed, and an input terminal of a transmission signal is formed between the terminal 12a and
the terminal 12b. In addition, regarding the output of the secondary side winding, a line in which
two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b are connected in series in reverse polarity is
formed to form an output terminal of a received signal.
[0029]
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the primary longitudinal vibration for transmission of the
transducer, and FIG. 3 (a) is an explanatory diagram of the primary longitudinal oscillation for
transmission of the transducer 10 before the oscillation thereof. (B) is an explanatory view at the
time of expansion of the primary longitudinal vibration for transmission of the transducer 10,
and FIG. 3 (c) is a description at the time of shortening of the primary longitudinal oscillation for
transmission of the transducer 10. In the figure, FIG. 3 (d) is an explanatory view of the primary
longitudinal vibration for transmission of the transducer 10. As shown in FIG.
[0030]
When a transmission signal is input between the terminal 12a and the terminal 12b, one closed
circuit is formed by the first cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2a and the upper half winding of
the primary side winding of the insulating transformer 11, and the current Is1 is Flow.
At the same time, a second closed circuit is formed by the second cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrator 2b and the lower half winding of the primary winding of the insulating transformer 11,
and a current Is2 flows.
[0031]
In the two closed circuits, since the polarity of the signal matches the polarization polarity of the
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b, as shown in FIG. 3 (d), the expansion and
contraction directions of the piezoelectric vibrators become the same direction. As shown in b),
expansion is performed in line with the alternating voltage of the transmission signal, and as
shown in FIG. 3 (c), contraction is repeated to induce primary longitudinal vibration, and the
transmission signal is transmitted to the transmission sound wave Ps. Convert and transmit from
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Front Mass 3.
[0032]
At this time, since two currents Is1 and Is2 having different directions flow into the primary side
winding of the isolation transformer 11, no magnetic flux is induced, and the cross of the
secondary side received wave output to the terminals 12c and 12d Talk does not occur.
Similarly, a signal of primary longitudinal vibration which is driven by the transducer assembly 1
receiving the external sound wave is not output to the secondary winding of the isolation
transformer 11.
[0033]
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the secondary longitudinal vibration for transmission of the
transducer, and FIG. 4 (a) is an explanatory diagram of the secondary longitudinal vibration for
reception of the transducer 10 before the oscillation thereof. (B) is an explanatory view at the
time of expansion of the secondary longitudinal vibration for wave reception of the transducer
10, and FIG. 4 (c) is an explanation at the time of contraction of the secondary longitudinal
vibration for wave reception of the transducer 10. FIG. 4 (d) is an explanatory view of the
secondary longitudinal vibration for wave reception of the transducer 10 in the figure.
[0034]
The secondary longitudinal vibration driven by the transducer assembly 1 receiving the
extraneous sound wave Pr causes the front mass 3 to be advanced by the negative pressure of
the sound wave, for example, as shown in FIG. A tensile force is applied to the piezoelectric
vibrator 2a, while a compressive force is applied to the second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator
2b.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, the front mass 3 is retracted by the positive pressure of the sound
wave to apply a compressive force to the first cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2a, and to the
second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 2b. Apply tensile force.
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[0035]
Since the first and second cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b are connected in series
with the polarization polarity reversed, the tensile force and compressive force applied to the
cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b are mechanical -Converted to a forward signal in the
process of electrical conversion, the signal is transmitted to the balanced input terminal of the
primary winding of the isolation transformer 11 as the sum of each output electrical signal, and
is received as a received signal from the secondary side It is output.
[0036]
The vibrator assembly 1 generates signals by primary longitudinal vibration, secondary
longitudinal vibration, and other high-order longitudinal vibrations by driving the extraneous
sound wave Pr and is in a superimposed state, but the signal of the primary longitudinal
vibration Disappears due to the reverse polarity connection of the two cylindrical piezoelectric
vibrators 2a and 2b, and does not appear between the balanced input terminals of the primary
winding of the isolation transformer 11.
On the other hand, the signal of the secondary longitudinal vibration is the reverse polarity of the
vibration (the expansion and contraction reverse direction of FIG. 4D) and the reverse polarity
connection of the two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b (FIG. 4D) The signal is
polarized (reverse polarity) (the same polarity as the signal (d) of FIG. 4) and appears as a
received signal.
[0037]
Since the large amplitude primary longitudinal vibration by the transmission signal and the
secondary longitudinal vibration of weak amplitude by the receiving sound pressure are mixed in
the transducer assembly 1, there is concern about interference between the transmitted and
received signals, etc. Because of the superposition state, it is possible to simultaneously process
two types of signals by performing appropriate signal processing.
[0038]
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an adjustment circuit for minimizing crosstalk to a reception
signal output terminal of a transmission signal.
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That is, two closed circuits (current Is1 and current Is2 generated by the characteristic difference
between the two cylindrical piezoelectric vibrators 2a and 2b, the signal transmission error to the
balanced input terminal of the primary winding of the insulating transformer 11, etc. It is a
circuit which minimizes the current difference of each circuit which flows.
[0039]
For example, the variable electric element 51 is provided between the second lead 8b and the
primary winding, and the fixed electric element 52 is provided between the third lead 8c and the
primary winding. By adjusting the variable electrical element 51, it is possible to minimize the
current difference between the two closed circuits in combination with the fixed electrical
element 52. Thereby, the crosstalk of the transmission signal which is summed and output by the
secondary side winding of the isolation transformer 11 is minimized.
[0040]
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of sensitivity frequency characteristics of the transducer 10 of
the present embodiment. The transmission sensitivity shows the maximum sensitivity at the
resonance frequency f1 of the first longitudinal vibration, and the sensitivity is lowered at
frequencies other than the resonance frequency, and a band suitable for transmission is a band
near the resonance frequency. The receiving sensitivity shows the maximum sensitivity at the
resonance frequency f2 of the second longitudinal vibration. The resonant frequency f2 of the
second longitudinal vibration is different from the resonant frequency f1 of the first longitudinal
vibration, and the receiving sensitivity in the low frequency region lower than the resonant
frequency of the second longitudinal vibration is the static pressure sensitivity because the
vibration mode does not largely change. Is considered to be constant up to the low frequency
range. Therefore, by obtaining flat reception sensitivity characteristics in the vicinity of the
resonance frequency band of the transmission signal, it is possible to obtain an advantage that
the transmission and reception sensitivity product becomes a wide band.
[0041]
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the received wave measurable time according to the present
embodiment. As described above, the transducer 10 of the present embodiment can
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simultaneously perform transmission and reception, and the reception measurable time is not
restricted by transmission time. Therefore, if the present transducer 10 is applied to the
underwater communication device, simultaneous two-way communication becomes possible.
Moreover, if this transducer 10 is applied to an altimeter, measurement from an altitude of 0 m
becomes possible, and it is possible to significantly improve the device performance of the
conventional acoustic device.
[0042]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various
modifications are possible, which are also included in the technical scope of the present
invention.
[0043]
Also, although the embodiment of the simultaneous two-way transducer according to the present
invention has been described for an acoustic device used in water, it can also be applied to an
electro-acoustic transducer for an airborne acoustic device having the same principle. It is.
[0044]
Explanatory drawing of the vibrator ¦ oscillator assembly which concerns on this Embodiment.
Explanatory drawing of the transducer which used the vibrator ¦ oscillator assembly which
concerns on this Embodiment.
Explanatory drawing of the primary longitudinal vibration for transmission of a transducer. Fig.3
(a) is explanatory drawing before the vibration of the primary longitudinal vibration for
transmission of a transmitter-receiver. FIG.3 (b) is explanatory drawing at the time of expansion ¦
extension of the primary longitudinal vibration for transmission of a transmitter-receiver. FIG.3
(c) is explanatory drawing at the time of shortening of the primary longitudinal vibration for
wave transmission of a transducer. FIG.3 (d) is explanatory drawing of the primary longitudinal
vibration for transmission of a transducer. Explanatory drawing of the 2nd longitudinal vibration
for transmissions of a transducer. Fig.4 (a) is explanatory drawing before the vibration of the
secondary longitudinal vibration for wave reception of a transmitter-receiver. FIG.4 (b) is
explanatory drawing at the time of expansion ¦ extension of the secondary longitudinal vibration
for wave reception of a transmission / reception device. FIG.4 (c) is explanatory drawing at the
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time of shortening of the secondary longitudinal vibration for wave reception of a transmission /
reception device. FIG.4 (d) is explanatory drawing of the secondary longitudinal vibration for
wave reception of a transducer. Explanatory drawing of the adjustment circuit for minimizing the
crosstalk to the receiving signal output terminal of a transmission signal. Explanatory drawing of
the sensitivity frequency characteristic of the transducer of this Embodiment. Explanatory
drawing of the receiving wave measurable time which concerns on this Embodiment. Explanatory
drawing of the conventional transmission / reception apparatus. Explanatory drawing of the
receiving wave measurable time of the conventional altimeter.
Explanation of sign
[0045]
1, 101 vibrator assembly 2a, 2b, 102a, 102b cylindrical piezoelectric vibrator 3, 103 front mass
4, 104 rear mass 5, 105 shaft 6a, 6b insulation seat 7 node plate 8a, 8b, 8c, 108a, 108b lead
Wire 9a, 9b Balanced input terminal 10, 100 Transducer 11 Insulated transformer 12a, 12b,
12c, 12d Terminal 13 Front case 14 Support case 15 Cap 16a, 16b O-ring 17, 117 Buffer seat
18 Screw 19a Female screw joint 19b Male screw connection 20, 21 Notch 51 Variable electric
element 52 Fixed electric element 109 Support material 120 Transmission / reception circuit
122 Transmission / reception switching circuit 123 Transmission circuit 124 Reception circuit
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