JP2007180798

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DESCRIPTION JP2007180798
The present invention provides a novel configuration of a hybrid type speaker in which a
conductive vibration speaker unit and a piezoelectric vibration speaker unit are combined.
SOLUTION: In an acoustic interference chamber 18 which is a substantially enclosed space
constituting a first acoustic means, compression waves generated by driving of a conductive
vibration speaker unit 20 and a first piezoelectric element 22 of a piezoelectric vibration speaker
unit 25, a second piezoelectric element Interference with the compressional waves generated by
driving the element 23 generates a first combined compressional wave. Furthermore, the gap 33
between the first diaphragm 26 and the second diaphragm 32 of the piezoelectric vibration
speaker unit serves as the second acoustic vibration means, and the first composite compression
wave and the third piezoelectric of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit Interference with the
compression wave generated by the drive of the element 24 generates a second combined
compression wave. The first and second piezoelectric elements are centrally supported by the
first diaphragm and positioned in the first acoustic means, and the third piezoelectric element is
centrally supported by the second diaphragm and positioned in the second acoustic means .
[Selected figure] Figure 1
Hybrid type speaker system
[0001]
The present invention relates to a hybrid speaker system using a combination of a conductive
vibration speaker unit and a piezoelectric vibration speaker unit.
[0002]
Dynamic loudspeakers using conductive vibrators have long been in widespread use as
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loudspeaker systems, but due to its mechanism and principle, it has a fatal defect that it is almost
impossible to faithfully reproduce the original sound .
[0003]
In addition, speakers using a piezoelectric vibrator such as bimorph (also called ceramic
speakers) have been developed, but although they are excellent in the reproducibility of middle
and high tones, they produce powerful bass due to their small amplitude. Is difficult.
[0004]
Therefore, a hybrid type speaker having both a piezoelectric vibrator and a conductive vibrator
has been proposed.
For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a speaker system including a piezoelectric
vibrator and a conductive vibrator attached to an acoustic diaphragm via a high-pitch primary
diaphragm and a low-pitch primary vibrator. .
In Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-238285, a large volume portion provided
with a dynamic speaker and a small volume portion provided with an acoustic diaphragm driven
by a plurality of piezoelectric diaphragms in a speaker box are provided by partition walls. A
loudspeaker system is disclosed that is configured as a separate, substantially enclosed space.
In this speaker system, the dynamic speaker takes charge of bass and the acoustic diaphragm
takes charge of treble. Utility model registration number 3037167 gazette
[0005]
However, although the hybrid speakers as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can improve
the bass characteristics to some extent as compared with the case where the piezoelectric
vibrator is used alone, they always exhibit satisfactory performance. It was not possible.
[0006]
That is, in the speaker system described in Patent Document 1, since the piezoelectric vibrator
and the conductive vibrator are disposed adjacent to each other, the piezoelectric vibrator is
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more than necessary due to the influence of the sound pressure generated from the conductive
vibrator. Although it vibrates and clear sound can be generated in the high sound range, desired
sound pressure can not be reproduced in the middle sound range.
[0007]
Further, in the speaker system described in Patent Document 2, since the bass from the dynamic
speaker and the treble from the piezoelectric diaphragm speaker are respectively generated from
separate volume parts, they are easily heard as unnatural sounds lacking in convectiveness.
There is a problem called.
[0008]
As a result of further research and development on a hybrid speaker system combining a
conductive vibrator (a dynamic speaker) and a piezoelectric vibrator (a ceramic speaker), the
present inventors conducted research and development, and as a result By making the primary
interference in the speaker box and synthesizing new compression waves, and outputting the
synthesized compression waves to the outside, the human ear is heard as "good sound" which
could not be obtained conventionally. Have found that the present invention has been completed.
[0009]
The present invention is based on a sound concept which is completely different from that of the
conventional speaker in pursuit of the faithful reproduction of the original sound.
As long as the sound reproduction mechanism of the speaker is to convert and amplify the
original sound, which is a physical phenomenon of air compression and compression waves, into
an electrical signal, convert it back to compression waves and reproduce it as sound, it is faithful
to the original sound. In the first place, there is essentially a limit to the proposition to reproduce,
and it is impossible to obtain satisfactory results by pursuing this.
On the other hand, the hybrid speaker system of the present invention not only uses the
conductive vibration speaker and the piezoelectric vibration speaker in combination but also
mixes the compressional waves emitted from each within a single substantially enclosed space. It
is proposed to generate a new compression wave, in other words, to generate a new sound and
output it.
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[0010]
That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a hybrid type speaker comprising
a combination of a conductive vibration speaker unit and a piezoelectric vibration speaker unit,
the compression wave generated by the driving of the conductive vibration speaker unit and the
compression / compression generated by the drive of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit A
first acoustic interference means for generating a first synthetic compressional wave by causing
interference with the wave, and a second synthetic compressional density by causing
interference between the first synthetic compressional wave and the compressional wave
generated by driving the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit And second sound means for
generating a wave.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
first aspect, the first acoustic interference means is formed as a substantially enclosed space in
the speaker box, and the second acoustic interference means is formed of the substantially
enclosed space and the outside world. And an open area between them.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the first
or second aspect, the conductive vibration speaker unit is provided in the first enclosure, and the
piezoelectric vibration speaker unit is located above the first enclosure. And a substantially
enclosed space formed in the first enclosure serves as the first acoustic interference means.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
third aspect, the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit is vibratably attached to an opening formed
in at least one surface of the second enclosure. A second diaphragm coupled to the plate, the one
or more inner piezoelectric elements centrally supported by the first diaphragm, the second
diaphragm coupled to the outside of the first diaphragm at an appropriate distance, and the
second diaphragm; It is characterized in that it comprises one or more outer piezoelectric
elements, and a gap between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm acts as a second
acoustic interference means.
[0014]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the fourth
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aspect, the second diaphragm is formed of a material larger in size than the first diaphragm and
lower in density than the first diaphragm. Do.
[0015]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to any one
of the third to fifth aspects, the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit is disposed toward the second
enclosure at a partition plate which divides the first enclosure and the second enclosure. It is
characterized by being.
[0016]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
sixth aspect, communication means for connecting the internal space of the first enclosure and
the internal space of the second enclosure is formed, and the inside of the first enclosure is
driven by driving the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit. A compression wave generated in the
space is made to enter the second enclosure through the communication means.
[0017]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
seventh aspect, a partition plate is provided which partitions the internal space of the first
enclosure and the second enclosure, and the communication passage passing through the
partition plate is the communication means. It is characterized by comprising.
[0018]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
eighth aspect, the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit is disposed on the partition plate toward
the second enclosure, and compression waves generated by driving the piezoelectric vibration
speaker unit are directly transmitted to the second The compression wave generated in the inner
space of the first enclosure from the back side of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit travels
in the inner space of the enclosure, and enters the second enclosure through the communication
path.
[0019]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the sixth
aspect, the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit is disposed outward on the side surface of the
first enclosure, and the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit is driven. A compression wave
generated in the internal space of the first enclosure from the rear side is made to enter the
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second enclosure through the communication means.
[0020]
According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
tenth aspect, the communication means is substantially aligned with the through hole formed on
the top surface of the second enclosure of the first enclosure. And a guide pipe which opens in
the inner space of the second enclosure through the bottom surface of the second enclosure.
[0021]
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
eleventh aspect, the guide tube is opened substantially at a height position with respect to the
centers of the inner and outer piezoelectric elements of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit. .
[0022]
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the hybrid speaker according to the
tenth or eleventh aspect, the communication means is fitted in the through hole to adjust the
sound pressure transmitted from the first enclosure to the second enclosure. It is characterized
by further having a pressure adjustment bush.
[0023]
The present invention relates to a hybrid speaker system combining a conductive vibration
speaker unit and a piezoelectric vibration speaker unit, wherein in the first acoustic means, the
compression wave generated by driving the conductive vibration speaker unit and the
compression wave generated by driving the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit To generate a
first composite compression wave, and further generate a second composite compression wave
by causing the first composite compression wave to interfere with the compression wave
generated by driving the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit. And generate a new compressional
wave based on a completely different idea from the conventional one, in other words, generate a
new sound.
[0024]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
[0025]
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FIG. 1 shows a hybrid speaker system 10 according to a first embodiment.
In the hybrid speaker system 10, the vertically long speaker box 12 is divided by a partition plate
14 into a small space 16 below and a large space 18 above.
In the upper large space portion 18, as described later, the compression wave by the drive of the
conductive vibration speaker unit 20 and the compression wave by the drive of the piezoelectric
vibration speaker unit 25 interfere with each other to generate a new synthetic compression
wave. Act as a first acoustic interference means or an acoustic interference room.
[0026]
A conductive vibration speaker unit 20 made of a conductive vibrator is attached to the partition
plate 14 so as to open in the large space portion 18 with the cone 21 facing upward.
Further, in the partition plate 14, communication passages 17 for connecting the lower small
space portion 16 and the upper large space portion 18 are formed in an arbitrary number at an
arbitrary position.
That is, although the lower small space portion 16 is a substantially sealed space, the lower small
space portion 16 communicates with the upper large space portion 18 through the
communication passage 17.
[0027]
A piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 25 including a first piezoelectric element 22, a second
piezoelectric element 23, and a third piezoelectric element 24 is attached to the front panel 13 of
the speaker box 12 constituting one surface of the upper large space portion 18. There is.
[0028]
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The first piezoelectric element 22 and the second piezoelectric element 23 are disc-shaped
piezoelectric diaphragms 22a and 23a coaxially supported at an appropriate distance on a
mandrel 27 fixed to a first diaphragm 26, and the piezoelectric vibration It comprises with
annular member 22b, 23b fixed to the perimeter of a board.
As is well known, the piezoelectric diaphragms 22a and 23a are formed by bonding thin disks
made of a ferroelectric ceramic material such as barium titanate or lead zirconate titanate to both
side surfaces of a metal thin disk such as brass. It can be formed.
The annular members 22b and 23b are made of, for example, rubber and act as a vibration
control piece or an inertial mass.
[0029]
The first diaphragm 26 is formed of expanded polystyrene or veneer (including an air veneer) or
the like, and is vibratably attached to the support frame 28.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the support frame 28 is fixed at a position slightly retracted from
the front panel 13 of the speaker box 12, and an adhesive or the like is projected to the frame
opening 28 a on the front side of the support frame 28. A four-perimeter frame-shaped rubber
damper 29 is fixed, and the first diaphragm 26 is fixed to the rubber damper 29 with an adhesive
or the like.
[0030]
An arbitrary number of openings 30 are formed in an arbitrary place of the first diaphragm 26.
The opening 30 functions as a sound emission hole for emitting the hybrid sound generated by
the primary interference in the upper large space portion 18 to the outside, as described later.
[0031]
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The second diaphragm 32 is connected to the first diaphragm 26 via the spacer 31.
Similarly to the first diaphragm 26, the second diaphragm 32 is also formed of expanded
polystyrene, veneer (including aviation veneer), wood board such as violin deck, etc., but is
formed of a material having a higher density than the first diaphragm 26. It is done.
The second diaphragm 32 preferably has a size larger than that of the first diaphragm 26, and
may be formed in any shape.
[0032]
Since the second diaphragm 32 is connected to the first diaphragm 26 via the spacer 31, a gap
33 is formed between the first diaphragm 26 and the second diaphragm 32.
The third piezoelectric element 24 described above is attached to the second diaphragm 32 so as
to face the air gap 33, and has a disk shape center-supported by the mandrel 34 fixed to the
second diaphragm 32. A piezoelectric diaphragm 24 a and an annular member 24 b fixed to the
outer periphery of the piezoelectric diaphragm are configured.
For the piezoelectric diaphragm 24a and the annular member 24b, refer to the description of the
piezoelectric diaphragms 22a and 23a and the annular members 22b and 23b in the first and
second piezoelectric elements 22 and 23 described above.
[0033]
The air gap 33 between the first diaphragm 26 and the second diaphragm 32 is generated by
driving the compression wave combined in the upper large space 18 as the acoustic interference
chamber and the third piezoelectric element 24 as described later. The compressional waves
interfere with each other to act as a second acoustic interference means or an acoustic
interference field for synthesizing a new compressional wave.
[0034]
The operation of the hybrid speaker system 10 of the present embodiment configured as
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described above will be described.
[0035]
When the same audio signal is applied to the conductive vibration speaker unit 20 and the
piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 25 from an amplifier (not shown), the cone 21 and the
piezoelectric vibration of the conductive vibration speaker unit 20 according to the voltage level
of the audio signal. The piezoelectric diaphragms 22a, 23a, 24a of the speaker unit 25 vibrate to
generate compression waves of air.
[0036]
The compression wave from the conductive vibration speaker unit 20 spreads to the upper large
space portion 18 at a relatively slow speed.
The compression wave from the conductive vibration speaker unit 20 is also released toward the
lower small space portion 16, but the lower small space portion 16 is substantially closed and
communicates with the upper large space portion 18 only with the communication passage 17.
Therefore, the compression wave also travels into the upper large space portion 18 through the
communication passage 17.
[0037]
On the other hand, when the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 25 is driven, the compression
wave generated by the vibration of the piezoelectric diaphragms 22a and 23a of the first
piezoelectric element 22 and the second piezoelectric element 23 has a relatively high speed in
the upper large space portion 18 It spreads by.
Therefore, in the upper large space portion 18, the compression wave (A) from the conductive
vibration speaker unit 20 and the compression wave (B) from the first piezoelectric element 22
and the second piezoelectric element 23 of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 25 are
mutually mountainous Interference to cancel valleys to generate a first-order composite
compression wave (A + B).
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That is, the upper large space portion 18 acts as a first acoustic interference means or an
acoustic interference chamber.
Then, the primary synthetic compression wave (A + B) generated here is discharged to the air gap
33 through the sound emission hole 30 formed in the first diaphragm 26.
[0038]
The piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 25 also includes a third piezoelectric element 24, and the
third piezoelectric element 24 is connected to the second diaphragm 32 and located in the air
gap 33.
Therefore, the primary synthetic compression wave (A + B) generated in the upper large space
portion 18 and emitted from the sound release hole 30 to the air gap portion 33 further includes
the piezoelectric diaphragm 24 a of the third piezoelectric element 24 and the second diaphragm
32. The compressional waves (C) generated by the vibration interfere with each other so as to
cancel each other's peaks and valleys to generate a second-order synthetic compressional wave
(A + B + C).
That is, the gap 33 between the first diaphragm 26 and the second diaphragm 32 acts as a
second acoustic interference means or an acoustic interference field.
Further, since the second diaphragm 32 is connected to the first diaphragm 26 only by the
spacer 31 and is formed of a material having a density lower than that of the first diaphragm 26,
the first composite compression wave (A + B) is added. It works as it produces a second-order
composite compression wave (A + B + C).
Although this second-order composite compression wave (A + B + C) is emitted to the outside of
the speaker 10, a second-order composite compression wave (A + B + C) is generated by any
combination of compression waves (A), (B), and (C). It can be freely set, and can pursue infinite
possibilities as a hybrid sound that humans listen as "good sound".
[0039]
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FIG. 3 shows a hybrid speaker system 40 according to a second embodiment.
The hybrid speaker system 40 is provided with a first enclosure 41 provided with a conductive
vibration speaker unit 42 below and a second enclosure 46 provided with a piezoelectric
vibration speaker unit 47 above.
[0040]
The first enclosure 41 is a speaker box for the conductive vibration speaker unit 42, which
substantially provides a closed space, but exposes the cone 43 to the front and emits
compression waves forward by its vibration. Further, in this embodiment, a bass reflex port 44
for releasing the sound pressure in the first enclosure 41 to the outside to enhance the bass
range is opened at the rear surface. Furthermore, a through hole 45 is formed on the top surface
of the first enclosure 41, and an internal space of the first enclosure 41 and an internal space of
the second enclosure 46 via a sound pressure adjusting bush 53 and a guide pipe 54 described
later. Communication.
[0041]
The second enclosure 46 is a speaker box for the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47, and the
piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47 including the first piezoelectric element 48, the second
piezoelectric element 49 and the third piezoelectric element 50 is attached to the front thereof
ing. The configuration of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47 including the first to third
piezoelectric elements 48, 49, and 50 is the same as that of the hybrid type speaker 10 of the
first embodiment including the first to third piezoelectric elements 22, 23, 24. The first
diaphragm 51 is different from the first diaphragm 26 in the hybrid type speaker 10 of the first
embodiment, although the detailed explanation is omitted because it is substantially the same as
the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 25. 30) do not have.
[0042]
Although the second enclosure 46 provides a substantially enclosed space, the sound pressure
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adjusting bush 53 fitted in the top through hole 45 of the first enclosure 41 and an opening
formed on the bottom of the second enclosure 46 The internal space of the first enclosure 41
and the internal space of the second enclosure 46 are in communication with each other via a
guide pipe 54 fixed to an adhesive (not shown) or the like. The sound pressure adjustment bush
53 is formed of, for example, a synthetic resin material such as polyester, or a material providing
a smooth surface such as a metal material. Similarly, the guide tube 54 can be made of synthetic
resin material such as polyester, metal material, etc. The upper end thereof is the piezoelectric
diaphragm 48a of the first to third piezoelectric elements 48, 49, 50 of the piezoelectric
vibration speaker unit 47, It extends to a height position substantially equal to the common axis
of 49a, 50a.
[0043]
The operation of the hybrid speaker system 40 of the present embodiment configured as
described above will be described.
[0044]
When the same audio signal is applied to the conductive vibration speaker unit 42 and the
piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47 from an amplifier (not shown), the cone 43 of the
conductive vibration speaker unit 42 and the piezoelectric vibration are generated according to
the voltage level of the audio signal. The piezoelectric diaphragms 48a, 49a, 50a of the speaker
unit 47 vibrate to generate compression waves of air.
[0045]
The compression wave from the conductive vibration speaker unit 42 is emitted from the cone
43 to the outside of the first enclosure 41 and is also emitted toward the internal space of the
first enclosure 41.
The progression of this compressional wave is relatively slow.
Then, the compression wave traveling in the inner space of the first enclosure 41 moves to the
inner space of the second enclosure 46 through the sound pressure adjustment bush 53 and the
guide pipe 54 in the upper part thereof.
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[0046]
On the other hand, when the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47 is driven, compression
waves generated by the vibrations of the piezoelectric diaphragms 48a and 49a of the first
piezoelectric element 48 and the second piezoelectric element 49 are relatively directed toward
the inside of the second enclosure 46. It spreads at high speed. Therefore, in the internal space of
the second enclosure 46, the compression wave (A) from the conductive vibration speaker unit
42 and the compression wave (B) from the first piezoelectric element 48 and the second
piezoelectric element 49 of the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47 They interfere with each
other to cancel peaks and valleys, and generate a first-order composite compression wave (A + B).
That is, the internal space of the second enclosure 46 acts as a first acoustic interference means
or acoustic interference chamber. Then, the primary synthetic compressional wave (A + B)
generated here is discharged to the gap 55 between the first diaphragm 51 and the second
diaphragm 52 through the vibration of the first diaphragm 51.
[0047]
In addition, the piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 47 includes a third piezoelectric element 50,
and the third piezoelectric element 50 is connected to the second diaphragm 52 and located in
the air gap 55. Therefore, the primary synthetic compressional wave (A + B) generated in the
second enclosure 46 and emitted to the air gap 55 is further between the compressional wave (C)
generated by the vibration of the piezoelectric diaphragm 50 a of the third piezoelectric element
50. And interfere with each other so as to cancel each other's peaks and valleys to generate a
second-order composite compressional wave (A + B + C). That is, the gap 55 between the first
diaphragm 51 and the second diaphragm 52 acts as a second acoustic interference means or an
acoustic interference field. Further, since the second diaphragm 52 is connected to the first
diaphragm 51 only by the spacer 56 and is formed of a material having a density lower than that
of the first diaphragm 51, the second diaphragm 52 energizes the primary synthetic compression
wave (A + B). It works as it produces a second-order composite compression wave (A + B + C).
Although this second-order composite compression wave (A + B + C) is emitted to the outside of
the speaker 40, the second-order composite compression wave (A + B + C) is generated by any
combination of compression waves (A), (B), and (C). It can be freely set, and can pursue infinite
possibilities as a hybrid sound that humans listen as "good sound".
[0048]
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FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a hybrid speaker according to a first embodiment of the present
invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the attachment part of the 1st diaphragm in FIG. It
is a sectional side view of the hybrid type speaker by Example 2 of this invention. It is the figure
which looked at the inside of a speaker box from the upper part of the hybrid type ¦ mold
speaker of FIG.
Explanation of sign
[0049]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 hybrid type speaker system 12 speaker box 14 partition plate 16
lower small space 17 communication path 18 upper large space (first acoustic interference
means, acoustic interference chamber) 20 conductive vibration speaker unit 21 cone 22 first
piezoelectric element (inner piezoelectric element) Element 23 Second Piezoelectric Element
(Inside Piezoelectric Element) 24 Third Piezoelectric Element (Outside Piezoelectric Element) 25
Piezoelectric Vibration Speaker Unit 26 First Diaphragm 27 Axle 28 Support Frame 29 Rubber
Damper 30 Sound Release Hole 31 Spacer 32 Diaphragm 33 Air gap (second acoustic
interference means, acoustic interference field) 40 hybrid speaker system 41 first enclosure 42
conductive vibration speaker unit 43 cone 44 bass reflex port 45 through hole 46 second
enclosure 47 piezoelectric vibration speaker unit 48 first Piezoelectric element (inner
piezoelectric element ) 49 second piezoelectric element (inner piezoelectric element) 50 between
the third piezoelectric element (outer piezoelectric element) 51 first diaphragm 52 second
diaphragm 53 sound pressure adjustment bushing 54 guide tube 55 gap 56 seats
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