JP2004343255

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DESCRIPTION JP2004343255
The present invention provides a speaker device capable of efficiently spreading easy-to-hear
sounds far from a specific point in all directions along a specific plane direction. A single speaker
(15), a first reflection surface (3f) disposed opposite to an output direction (A1) of sound of the
speaker (15) and reflecting the sound in a direction different from the output direction, a first
reflection The second reflecting surface 21f is disposed to face the surface 3f, and the distance
between the first reflecting surface 3f and the second reflecting surface 21f is continuously
increased as the distance from the center of the speaker is increased. The sound is diffused
radially about the speaker 15 in different directions from the first reflection surface 3 f, the
second reflection surface 21 f, and the output direction A 1 of the sound of the speaker 15.
[Selected figure] Figure 1
Speaker device
TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a speaker device. 2. Description of the
Related Art For example, in order to expand sound all around along a substantially horizontal
direction from a certain point, it is necessary to arrange a plurality of speakers in different
directions. However, when a plurality of speakers are arranged in different directions,
interference occurs between sounds output from the speakers, and places where the sound can
be heard strongly and places where the sound can be heard are generated. For this reason, it is
difficult to diffuse sound efficiently when using a plurality of speakers. On the other hand, Patent
Document 1 discloses a technique of receiving the voice of the attendee in the conference with a
microphone and spreading the voice over a wide area by using a single speaker and a reflector.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-87887 SUMMARY OF THE
INVENTION By the way, the sound received by the microphone is diffused in a wide range by
using a single speaker and a reflector. In the technology, since a single speaker is used, it is
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necessary to spread sound efficiently. In order to spread the voice efficiently far, for example, a
horn shape can be used as a speaker box, but resonance tends to occur in the range of the voice
transfer frequency. If resonance occurs in the range of voice transmission frequency in the sound
from a single speaker, the sound becomes very inaudible and can not be diffused far. The present
invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to
efficiently diffuse easily audible sound far from a specific point toward all directions along a
specific plane direction. To provide a speaker device that can A speaker apparatus according to
the present invention comprises a single speaker and a speaker that diffuses sound radially
around the speaker in a direction different from the output direction of the speaker's sound. And.
Preferably, the loudspeaker unit is disposed opposite to the output direction of the sound of the
speaker, and reflects the first reflection surface which reflects the sound in a direction different
from the output direction. And a second reflective surface disposed opposite to the surface. More
preferably, the distance between the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is
continuously increased as the distance from the center of the speaker is increased. In the present
invention, the sound output from the single speaker is radially diffused around the speaker in a
direction different from the output direction of the sound of the speaker by the speaker.
At this time, the sound output from the single speaker is repeatedly reflected by the first
reflection surface and the second reflection surface of the loudspeaker. The sound that repeats
reflection on the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface is continuously
increased as the distance between the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface is
farther from the center of the speaker, It is difficult for resonance to occur. BEST MODE FOR
CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be
described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of
a speaker device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The speaker device 1
according to the present embodiment is, for example, a device in which a microphone and a
speaker used in a remote conference such as a video conference are integrated, and for example,
voices of attendees in a conference room are microphones It is a device that receives and
amplifies the voice from the other party using a speaker. As shown in FIG. 1, the speaker device 1
according to the present embodiment includes a cover member 2, a holding member 3, a speaker
15, and a speaker box 20. The holding member 3 and the speaker box 20 are formed of, for
example, a resin such as ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene). The cover member 2 is provided
on the holding member 3 and covers the upper surface side of the holding member 3. The cover
member 2 is formed of a material that transmits sound such as resin fiber, and protects a printed
wiring board and a microphone, which will be described later, held on the holding member 3.
The holding member 3 is supported on the speaker box 20 via a plurality of support members 10
erected on the speaker box 20. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the holding member 3 in a state in which
the cover member 2 provided on the holding member 3 is removed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional
view showing the internal structure of the speaker device according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the holding member 3 has a circular outer shape, and the printed wiring
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board 30 is held in the circular shape. The printed wiring board 30 has a disk shape, and a
plurality of directional microphones 40 are provided on the printed wiring board 30. On the
printed wiring board 30, various electronic components (not shown) other than the directional
microphone 40 are mounted. The electronic components mounted on the printed wiring board
30 constitute circuits necessary for the electrical operation of the speaker device 1, such as an
echo canceller circuit, a circuit for driving the directional microphone 40, and a speaker to be
described later. The plurality of directional microphones 40 have a cylindrical shape, and are
arranged radially from the central portion of the printed wiring board 30, ie, arranged radially
from the central portion, and circumferentially It is arranged at intervals.
The directional microphones 40 each have directivity in the radial direction from the center of
the printed wiring board 30. Both ends of the directional microphone 40 are supported on the
printed wiring board 30 by the filter member 60. The filter member 60 is an embodiment of the
second filter member of the present invention. The filter member 60 is obtained, for example, by
molding rubber or resin into a predetermined shape. The filter member 60 attenuates the
vibration propagating from the printed wiring board 30 side. A wire is connected to the rear end
of the directional microphone 40, and the wire is connected to the printed wiring board 30 via a
connector CN. As a result, the audio signal detected by the directional microphone 40 is input to
the electric circuit formed on the printed wiring board 30. As shown in FIG. 3, the printed wiring
board 30 is held on the upper surface side of the holding member 3. Specifically, as shown in
FIG. 7, a shaft 3t protrudes integrally with the upper surface side of the holding member 3, and a
ring-shaped filter member 51 is inserted into the shaft 3t. A through hole 30 h is formed in the
printed wiring board 30, and the shaft portion 3 t is inserted into the through hole 30 h. The
printed wiring board 30 is provided on the filter member 51. Furthermore, the annular filter
member 50 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft 3 t and disposed on the printed
wiring board 30. A screw hole is formed in the central portion of the shaft 3t, and a bolt 56 is
screwed into the screw hole via an annular pressing plate 57. Thus, the pressing plate 57 presses
the upper surface of the filter member 50, and the printed wiring board 30 is sandwiched
between the filter member 50 and the filter member 51. That is, the printed wiring board 30 is
supported by the filter member 50 and the filter member 51. The filter members 50 and 51 are
an embodiment of the first filter member of the present invention. The filter members 50 and 51
are formed of a material such as rubber or resin, and have the same shape. Also, the filter
members 50 and 51 have a natural frequency different from that of the filter member 60. The
speaker box 20 is composed of an upper side wall plate 21 and a lower side wall plate 22. The
upper side wall plate 21 and the lower side wall plate 22 have a circular outer shape. A single
speaker 15 is fixed to the central portion of the upper side wall plate 21.
For example, a cone speaker is used for the speaker 15. The speaker 15 outputs in the sound
output direction A1 by vibrating a diaphragm (not shown) along the direction of the sound
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output direction A1 indicated by the arrow. The speaker box 20 seals the back of the speaker 15.
A seal member 80 is provided between the upper side wall plate 21 and the lower side wall plate
22, and the inside of the speaker box 20 is a sealed space. On the lower surface side of the upper
side wall plate 21, a support portion 21 t extending toward the lower side wall plate 22 is
integrally formed. On the upper surface side of the lower side wall plate 22, a protrusion 22a
protruding toward the upper side wall plate 21 is formed. The lower end surface of the support
portion 21t is in contact with the upper end surface of the protrusion 22a. A through hole 21p is
formed at the central portion of the support portion 21t, and a female screw portion 21h is
formed on the upper end side of the through hole 21p. In addition, a female screw 22h is also
formed on the protrusion 22a. A coupling bolt 11 is inserted into the through hole 21 p of the
support portion 21 t from the side of the projecting portion 22 a, and the coupling bolt 11 is
formed on the female screw portion 21 h formed on the upper side wall plate 21 and the lower
side wall plate 22. It is screwed to both sides of the formed female screw 22h. The joint bolt 11 is
formed of a metallic material such as steel, and is sufficiently rigid than the resin material
forming the speaker box 20 and the holding member 3. The connecting bolt 11 is an
embodiment of the connecting member of the present invention. Further, the connecting bolt 11
and the female screw parts 21 h and 22 h constitute a restraining means of the present invention
for partially restraining relative movement between the facing wall plates 21 and 22 of the
speaker box 20. The connection bolt 11 penetrates the female screw portion 21 h and is screwed
to the female screw portion 3 h formed in the protective member 3. Thus, the relative positions
of the female screw portion 21 h of the upper side wall plate 21, the lower side wall plate 22 h,
and the female screw portion 3 h of the protective member 3 are restrained. A plurality of
support members 10 are provided between the lower side surface of the protective member 3
and the upper side wall plate 21. In the support member 10, a through hole 10h is formed inside,
and the coupling bolt 11 is inserted into the through hole 10h. Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the
configuration and operation of the reflecting surface 3 f on the holding member 3 side and the
reflecting surface 21 f on the speaker box side will be described. The reflecting surface 3f which
is the lower surface of the holding member 3 is an embodiment of the first reflecting surface of
the present invention, and the reflecting surface 21f which is the upper surface of the upper side
wall plate 21 is an embodiment of the second reflecting surface of the present invention It is.
The reflecting surface 3 f and the reflecting surface 21 f diffuse the sound radially from the
speaker 15 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the output direction A 1 of the sound of the
speaker 15 by reflecting the sound from the speaker 15. . As shown in FIG. 4, the reflecting
surface 3 f is formed of a curved surface that smoothly protrudes toward the speaker 15 side.
The reflecting surface 3 f is substantially constituted of, for example, a rotation curved surface
formed when rotating a hyperbola with the central axis Ct of the speaker 15 as the rotation axis.
Similarly, the reflecting surface 21 f is also substantially constituted by a curved surface having a
central axis Ct of the speaker 15 as a rotational axis. The radius from the central axis Ct of the
speaker 15 is R1, R2, R3. Let L1, L2, and L3 be the distances between the reflective surface 3f
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and the reflective surface 21f at R1, R2, and R3. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the distance between
the reflective surface 3 f and the reflective surface 21 f is continuously increased as the distance
from the central axis Ct of the speaker 15 increases. For example, assuming that the distance
between the reflecting surface 3 f and the reflecting surface 21 f is constant, resonance occurs at
a resonance frequency corresponding to the constant distance. When the resonance occurs, the
sound becomes very unintelligible, and the voices of the meeting attendees can not be faithfully
reproduced. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the distance between the
reflecting surface 3 f and the reflecting surface 21 f is continuously increased as the distance
from the central axis Ct of the speaker 15 increases, whereby the sound output from the speaker
15 is specified. It does not resonate at the frequency of Therefore, it is possible to faithfully
reproduce the voices of the meeting attendees. Further, according to the present embodiment,
the sound output from the speaker 15 is substantially orthogonal to the center axis Ct centering
on the center axis Ct of the speaker 15 in a direction different from the sound output direction
A1 of the speaker 15 without resonance. It is diffused in all directions (360 ° radial) in the same
direction. In particular, since a single speaker 15 is used, the sound does not cause interference
around the central axis Ct, and the sound is spread evenly. Furthermore, since there is no
resonance between the reflecting surface 3f and the reflecting surface 21f, it is possible to
diffuse the sound more efficiently far. Next, the action and effect of the connecting bolt 11 will be
described. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of the vibration of the speaker box
when the coupling bolt 11 is not present, where (a) is a case where the sound pressure in the
speaker box is low, and (a) is a case where it is high.
As shown in FIG. 6, when the sound pressure in the speaker box changes, the upper side wall
plate 21 and the lower side wall plate 22 vibrate in opposite directions. At this time, assuming
that the connection position of the support member 10 to the upper side wall plate 21 is Cp, the
connection position Cp vibrates due to the sound pressure fluctuation in the speaker box. FIG. 5
is a schematic view showing an example of the vibration of the speaker box 20 according to the
present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the upper side wall plate 21 and the lower side wall
plate 22 are connected by a connecting bolt 11. When the sound pressure in the speaker box 20
changes, the upper side wall plate 21 and the lower side wall plate 22 vibrate in the opposite
direction, but the connection position Cp is not vibrated because it is restrained by the coupling
bolt 11. In the present embodiment, since the connection position Cp is restrained by the
coupling bolt 11 and hardly vibrates, the vibration hardly propagates to the holding member 3
connected by the coupling bolt 11 and the support member 10 at this position. That is, the
vibration directly transmitted from the speaker box 20 to the holding member 3 on which the
microphone 40 is mounted is suppressed. Further, the position restrained by the joint bolt 11
becomes a new node of vibration. That is, the vibration frequency of the speaker box 20 is also
increased by the new node. By actively utilizing the change in the frequency of this vibration, it is
also possible to change the vibration of the speaker box 20 to a vibration frequency that does not
substantially affect the microphone 40. Further, by changing the vibration frequency of the
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speaker box 20 to a frequency that is easily attenuated by the above-described filter members
50, 51, 60, etc., vibration suppression by the filter members 50, 51, 60 can be efficiently
performed. Next, the operation and effects of the filter members 50, 51 and 60 will be described
with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, for example, the vibration from the speaker 15 or the
speaker box 20 which is a vibration source propagates from the reflection surface 3 f of the
holding member 3 to the printed wiring board 30 through the filter members 50 and 51. Further,
the vibration propagated to the printed wiring board 30 is propagated through the filter member
60 or a wire connecting the connector CN and the microphone 40 or the like. Here, the filter
members 50 and 51 support the printed wiring board 30 and the plurality of microphones 40
etc. with relatively heavy weight. For this reason, the filter members 50 and 51 have an effect of
damping vibrations of relatively low frequency.
However, it is difficult to simultaneously damp relatively high frequency vibrations. For this
reason, the filter member 60 provided between the microphone 40 and the printed wiring board
30 attenuates vibrations of relatively high frequency. The weight supported by the filter member
60 is relatively small, and relatively high frequency vibrations can be attenuated relatively easily.
As described above, when the sound from the speaker 15 is reflected and amplified by the
reflection surfaces 3 f and 21 f, the resonance is not actively generated, so that vibration with a
very wide frequency band is generated from the speaker 15. It tries to propagate to the
microphone 40. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to damp the vibration in a
wide band by combining filter members of different natural frequencies with the vibration in the
wide frequency band of this width. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments
described above. In the embodiment described above, both the reflecting surface 3 f and the
reflecting surface 21 f are curved surfaces, but any one of the reflecting surface 3 f and the
reflecting surface 21 f may be a flat surface. Moreover, when fixing the speaker apparatus 1 to a
wall etc., it is also possible to substitute 21 f of reflective surfaces by fixed surfaces, such as a
wall. In the embodiment described above, the case where the speaker device includes the
microphone 40 has been described, but the speaker 15 may be configured to include the
reflective surface 3 f and the reflective surface 21 f without the microphone 40. Moreover,
although the case where it was put on a table and used was demonstrated, it is good also as a
structure installed, for example in the ceiling etc. of a dome stadium. In this case, the microphone
40 need not be provided. According to the present invention, easy-to-hear sound can be
efficiently diffused far from a specific point toward all directions along a specific plane direction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a
speaker device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view
showing the structure of a printed wiring board held by a holding member. FIG. 3 is a crosssectional view showing an internal structure of a speaker device according to an embodiment of
the present invention. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the positional relationship between the
reflection surface on the holding member side and the reflection surface on the speaker box side.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of the vibration of the speaker box. FIG. 6 is a
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schematic view showing an example of vibration of the speaker box in the case where there is no
coupling bolt. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the function of the filter member.
Explanation of mark 1 ... speaker device, 2 ... cover member, 3 ... holding member, 3 f ... reflecting
surface, 3 h ... female screw part, 10 ... supporting member, 11 ... combined bolt, 15 ... speaker,
20 ... speaker box, 21 ... Upper side wall plate, 21f ... Reflective surface, 21h ... Female screw
portion, 22 ... Lower wall plate, 22h ... Female screw portion, 30 ... Printed wiring board, 40 ...
Microphone, 50, 51 ... Filter member, 60 ... Filter member, 80 ... Seal member, CN ... connector.
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