JP2003163983

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DESCRIPTION JP2003163983
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the
technical field of acoustic systems, and relates to an improved loudspeaker enclosure structure.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art A bass reflex system utilizing a resonance action by a back
sound duct is the mainstream of the miniaturized speaker enclosures. The bass reflex system
emphasizes the low band (bass) unlike the characteristic of the speaker. Furthermore, with
regard to the bass reflex method, this is not a problem in works that require special effects such
as movies, but it may not be appropriate, for example, in music listening used for stress relief
because individual preferences are different. Other systems also have larger enclosures and more
distinctive tones than bass reflex systems, so they are not suitable for watching music of that
type.
[0003]
On the other hand, there has been also a reproduction method in which the speaker is installed
upward or downward to correspond to all directions including the horizontal direction and the
vertical direction. However, in this method, it is difficult to estimate the presence of a musical
instrument or the like due to the diffusion of sound and the influence of reflection of sound in the
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room. Therefore, this reproduction method is also unsuitable for music appreciation.
[0004]
In order to eliminate such a drawback, there is also a system in which reflectors of hemispherical
shape, spherical shape, streamline shape and the like are provided in front of and in the axial
direction of the speaker to improve the condition of sound in the horizontal direction. In this
case, one reflector is provided for each speaker, and fixed so as to maintain a fixed reflection
direction. This system is not suitable for listening to orchestral performances because there is
little sense of localization.
[0005]
However, in recent multi-channel reproduction, it has been reported that the above
characteristics are effective for sound effect speakers other than the main speaker. This means
that the user may select an appropriate method according to the purpose.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the abovedescribed problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a
speaker enclosure structure having excellent acoustic characteristics, a structure The above
characteristics are excellent, that it is suitable for multi-channel reproduction, that it can express
a sense of presence with a radial (radial) effect, that it can be applied to a main speaker, and that
it satisfies various other requirements.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A loudspeaker enclosure structure according to claim 1 of the
present invention is characterized by the following means for achieving the intended purpose.
That is, in the enclosure structure according to claim 1, an air chamber having a volume capable
of reproducing the middle to high range of the speaker front sound and suppressing or
absorbing the middle to high range of the speaker back sound is provided on the back side of the
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speaker And a duct for phase delay having a cross-sectional area smaller than the effective
driving area of the speaker is provided following the air chamber, and a radiation hole for
emitting the back noise of the speaker to the outside Is provided on the terminal side of the duct,
and the speaker front sound and the speaker back sound are synthesized to reproduce the sound.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker enclosure
structure according to the first aspect, comprising a plurality of tubes in which an air chamber
located on the back side of the speaker and a duct following the air chamber are fitted inside and
outside. It is characterized by being composed of
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker enclosure
structure according to the first aspect, wherein an air chamber located on the back side of the
speaker and a duct following the air chamber are provided inside the box. In addition, a duct is
formed by a partitioning member that partitions a part of the inside of the box.
[0010]
The speaker enclosure structure described in claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in
that, in any one of claims 1 to 3, the phase adjusting hole is provided in the duct.
[0011]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker enclosure
structure according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the duct has a bent sound
path.
[0012]
The speaker enclosure structure described in claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in
that, in any one of claims 1 to 5, the cross-sectional area of the duct is substantially constant.
[0013]
The speaker enclosure structure described in claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in
that, in any one of claims 1 to 5, a porous front cover is provided on the speaker.
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[0014]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker enclosure
structure according to the sixth aspect, wherein the front cover has a hollow shape, and the
sound reflecting piece is inside the front cover through the angle adjusting device. It is
characterized in that it is attached to
[0015]
The frontal sound of the speaker generated sound reaches the listener while vibrating the air on
the front of the speaker.
In this case, if the front cover of the porous structure is provided on the speaker or the angleadjustable reflecting piece is provided in the front cover, the following occurs.
That is, a part of the sound of the speaker front surface passes through the front cover of the
porous structure, and the other part of the sound is reflected by the reflection piece to change
the propagation direction.
The direction of the reflected sound at this time can be freely set by changing the direction
(reflection angle) of the reflecting piece.
Therefore, if there is a reflecting piece in the front cover, the propagation direction and
propagation range of the playback sound can be easily set according to the reproduction
purpose, installation position, acoustic characteristics of installation place, preference of the
listener etc. Main A plurality of speakers, such as a sub, can also be easily reconciled.
Since the speaker front sound reproduced in this way is not only direct sound, the sound quality
is soft.
[0016]
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On the other hand, the back sound of the speaker propagates to the outside through a path such
as air chamber → inside of phase delay duct → radiation hole.
Here, with regard to the air chamber, the volume of this is a size that can reproduce the middle to
high range (normal range) of the speaker front sound, and the volume for the middle to high
range of the speaker back sound It has a size that can be suppressed or absorbed.
Such an air room hardly affects the middle to high range of the speaker back sound propagating
as described above. In addition, since the volume of the air chamber is relatively large, the mid to
high sound of the back sound of the speaker is absorbed to become bass. The bassed back sound
then passes through the inside of the phase delay duct and out the radiation hole. This duct has a
phase delay function according to the length. Therefore, the duct sufficiently delays the phase of
the back sound until the back sound goes out. Also, the duct has a smaller cross-sectional area
than the driving effective area of the speaker, thereby reducing the influence of peaks and valleys
(so-called "squeezing") which are likely to occur when the sound path is long. In this case, if the
cross-sectional area of the duct is substantially constant, the presence of excess air is almost
eliminated, and "fuzz" (sounding like processing noise) caused by the vibration of the excess air is
also less likely to occur. In addition to this, when the duct is provided with a phase adjustment
hole, the phase of the back sound is adjusted by it, and the back sound (bass) which is
substantially in phase is externally radiated from the radiation hole. The phase adjustment holes
also reduce the influence of peaks and valleys in frequency. Furthermore, when the radiation
hole is at a position close to the speaker side, the synthesized sound of the front sound and the
back sound has a good sense of localization.
[0017]
Since the enclosure structure of the speaker according to the present invention thus synthesizes
and reproduces the front sound (mid-high tone) and the back sound (bass) of the speaker, it gives
the listener a sound with good texture. Can.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The loudspeaker enclosure
structure according to the present invention will be described first with reference to the
embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, and then with the embodiment of FIG. Embodiments will be
described.
[0019]
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In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, 11 is an outer tube, 21 is an inner tube, 31 is an induction
plate, 41 is a speaker, 51 is a fixture, 61 and 64 are front covers, 71 is a reflector, 81 is a
pedestal It shows each.
[0020]
The outer tube 11 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 is made of metal, synthetic resin (including FRP),
rubber (for example, hard rubber), wood, tempered glass, ceramic, composite of these materials,
etc. Made of the material of
The outer tube 11 made of metal or synthetic resin can be mentioned as a typical example.
The outer tube 11 is typically circular in cross section (including oval in cross section), but may
be polygonal in cross section.
The outer tube 11 has a plurality of radiation holes 12 and a plurality of phase adjustment holes
13 in the tube wall between the front end and the rear end. Among these, the radiation holes 12
are in the tube wall near the tip end side of the outer tube 11 and are distributed at equal
intervals in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the phase adjustment holes 13 are
in the pipe wall near the rear end portion side of the outer pipe 11 and are distributed at equal
intervals in the circumferential direction. Therefore, each phase adjustment hole 13 is between
the rear end of the outer tube 11 and the radiation hole 12 when viewed relatively with respect
to the axial direction of the outer tube 11, and the radiation hole 12 is the tip of the outer tube
11 And the phase adjustment hole 13. With regard to the phase adjustment holes 13, a required
number of the phase adjustment holes 13 may be appropriately dispersed and provided in the
pipe wall between the rear end portion of the outer pipe 11 and the radiation hole 12. In
addition, a flange 14 is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the
outer tube 11.
[0021]
The inner pipe 21 illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5 is also made of the same material as the outer pipe
11. Typical examples are those made of metal or synthetic resin. The inner pipe 21 is also
typically circular in cross section, but may be polygonal in cross section. The inner pipe 21 is
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smaller and shorter in diameter than the outer pipe 11. That is, the inner pipe 21 is shorter and
smaller than the outer pipe. The pipe wall of the inner pipe 21 also has a plurality of phase
adjustment holes 22. Specifically, the phase adjustment holes 22 are dotted on the tube wall on
the rear half side of the inner tube 21. In FIG. 2, the sound collection throat 23 attached to the tip
of the inner pipe 21 is made of the same or different material as the inner pipe 21. The sound
collection throat 23 is cylindrical, but its diameter is enlarged as it goes to the tip. The members
used when holding the inner pipe 21 in the outer pipe 11 are the ring-shaped spacer 24 and the
square bar-shaped spacer 25 shown in FIGS. The ring-shaped spacer 24 has an outer diameter
approximately equal to the inner diameter of the outer tube 11 and an inner diameter
approximately equal to the outer diameter of the inner tube 21. There are a plurality of rod-like
spacers 25, which are shorter than the inner pipe 21. Assuming that each rod-like spacer 25 has
a thickness (dimension in the radial direction in FIG. 2) of [t], [t] ≒ [(inner diameter of outer tube
11) − (outer diameter of inner tube 21)] / [ 2]. In addition to the above, there are also the
induction radiating member 26 and the sound absorbing material 27 of FIG. The sound induction
radiating member 26 has a surface such as a circular arc surface or a curved surface. As long as
the surface is formed by a predetermined curved surface, the induction radiation member 26
may be in the form of a plate as shown or a small block not shown. Although the material of the
induction radiation member 26 may also be the one described above, it is particularly a synthetic
resin or a metal if mentioned. The sound absorbing material 27 is cylindrical in the illustrated
example. As a material of the sound absorbing material 27, known materials such as glass wool,
felt, sound absorbing board, soft fiber board, cloth and the like are used, but usually, materials
which are easily deformed or elastic are selected.
[0022]
An important part of the induction plate 31 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the induction surface
32 formed on the inner surface of the induction plate 31 to reverse the sound traveling direction.
The guide surface 32 has an annular shape when viewed from the inner surface side of the
induction plate 31, and its cross-sectional shape is a semicircular groove. Therefore, the guiding
surface 32 can be said to be a guiding concave surface. In this case, the annular center of the
guide surface 32 coincides with the center of the inner surface of the induction plate 31. The
cylindrical connection portion 33 protruding from the inner surface of the induction plate 31 is
integral with the induction plate 31. In addition, a seat portion 34 protruding in a flange shape is
integrally provided on the outer periphery of the induction plate 31. The constituent material of
the induction plate 31 is also selected from those described above. In the case where the outer
tube 11 and the inner tube 21 are polygonal, the guide plate 31 also has a polygonal shape
corresponding thereto. The connection portion 33 of the induction plate 31 corresponds to the
rear end portion of the outer tube 11 so as to be fittable.
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[0023]
The speaker 41 illustrated in FIG. 2 is well known and may be wired or wireless. Since the
speaker 41 is held at the tip of the outer tube 11 as described later, it has a size corresponding to
that.
[0024]
The fixture 51 illustrated in FIG. 2 is for attaching the above-mentioned speaker 41 and the
below-mentioned front cover 61 to the tip of the outer tube 11, and is an assembly of two ring
members 52 and 53. . One of the ring members 52 has a flat ring shape and corresponds to the
flange 14 of the outer tube 11. Another ring member 53 is shaped like a short cylinder and rises
from the top surface of the ring member 52. The ring member 52 detachably receives a front
cover 61 described later. The constituent material of the fixture 51 is also selected from metal,
synthetic resin, and others described above. The point that the shape of the fixture 51 is circular
or polygonal according to the shapes of the outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 21 is the same as
the other components.
[0025]
Referring to FIG. 2, the front cover 61 is formed of a porous member and has a hollow shape in
the illustrated example. The constituent material of the front cover 61 is also selected from the
above-mentioned ones unless there is a particular limitation, but it is usually made of metal or
synthetic resin. Specifically, the front cover 61 is formed of a planar porous member having a
mesh structure or a planar porous member having a large number of punching holes. The front
cover 61 shown in FIG. 2 is formed of a cylindrical porous member 62 of which only the bottom
surface is open, and a plate-like porous member 63 which divides the inside of the cylindrical
porous member 62 into a plurality of stages. The front cover 61 also has a planar circular shape
or a planar polygon depending on the shapes of components related thereto. Another front cover
64 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is also formed of a porous member. The front cover 64 has a cap
shape that can cover the surface of the front cover 61. The front cover 64 is mainly made of a
soft porous material. An example is an elastic sponge (continuous pore), and another example is a
coarse and thick fabric. Besides, those similar to these can also be adopted.
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[0026]
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 6, particularly, to FIG. 6, the reflecting piece 71 has a roughly triangular
shape with rounded corners, but it may be a circle (including an oval) or a polygon of
quadrilateral or more. In some cases, the reflecting surface (surface) of the reflecting piece 71 is
a curved surface. The reflective piece 71 is also typically made of a synthetic resin (e.g. acrylic
resin) or a metal (e.g. aluminum), but may be made of materials other than those described
above. An angle adjuster 72 is attached to the reflecting piece 71 as well. The angle adjuster 72
bends and stretches when adjusting the angle of the reflecting piece 71, and thus is made of a
metal, such as an aluminum thin plate, which is easily bent and stretched. The angle adjuster 72
has a stopper 73 formed of a bolt and a nut at one end, and the other end integrally adheres to a
part of the reflection piece 71. The stopper 73 attaches the reflecting piece 71 in the front cover
61 as described later, and thus may be like a clip. The angle adjustment tool 72 can also be
replaced by a metal rod which can be easily bent and stretched, or can be replaced by a bending
and extending arm capable of bending and stretching adjustment by tightening or loosening a
joint.
[0027]
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, pedestal 81 has a flat disc shape. これはエンクロージャのスタンドと
なるものである。 The pedestal 81 is also selected from the materials described above such as
wooden, synthetic resin, and metal. The pedestal 81 may be hollow or solid as long as it has
stability as a stand.
[0028]
The speaker enclosure structure according to the present invention according to the embodiment
shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 is formed by assembling the above-described respective components
(component members) as shown in FIGS. When assembling the components, they are mutually
connected by known means such as "screwing means", "fastening means with male and female
screws formed between parts", "adhesive means", "welding means", "crimping means" and
"clamping means" Although it is fixed, which means is used is appropriately determined
according to the material of the component. Of course, the assembly order and the fixing means
for fixing the parts to be described below are also merely specific examples, and there may be
variations within the scope of the invention.
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[0029]
As can be understood from FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the ring-shaped spacer 24 is applied to the
outer peripheral surface on the tip end side of the inner pipe 21 and attached thereto by welding
means or adhesive means. As the rod-like spacers 25, a plurality of (for example, four) spacers
are prepared. The bar-like spacers 25 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential
direction on the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube 21 along the length direction of
the inner tube 21 and attached thereto by the same means as described above. As shown in FIG.
2, a plurality of (four) inductive radiation members 26 are placed between the rod-like spacers
25 at corner portions formed by the lower surface of the ring-shaped spacer 24 and the outer
peripheral surface of the inner tube 21. Attach it there by the same means. As shown in FIG. 2,
the sound absorbing material 27 is also covered so as to cover the upper outer peripheral surface
of the inner pipe 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the sound collecting throat 23.
[0030]
The inner tube 21 provided with two types of spacers 24 and 25 and the induction radiating
member 26 and the sound absorbing material 27 is inserted into the inside of the outer tube 11
from the rear end opening or the tip opening. In this case, the insertion state of the inner tube 21
is adjusted so that the induction radiation member 26 faces the radiation hole 12 of the outer
tube 11. The inner pipe 21 inserted into the outer pipe 11 is fixed, for example, by bonding both
the spacers 24 and 25 attached thereto to the outer pipe 11, but both spacer passing through the
pipe wall of the outer pipe 11 It may be fixed with a screw screwed into 24/25, or fixed using a
combination of bonding and screwing. Since the inner pipe 21 held in the outer pipe 11 in this
way is firmly attached, it does not cause unnecessary vibration due to the speaker sound
pressure or the like. When the stability of the inner pipe 21 in the outer pipe 11 can be obtained
only by the ring-like spacer 24, the rod-like spacer 25 may be omitted. As the induction radiation
member 26 when each rod-like spacer 25 is omitted, one ring-shaped member is used.
[0031]
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide plate 31 is attached to the rear end of the outer tube 11 in
order to close the rear end opening. As an example, when a male screw is formed on the outer
peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the outer tube 11 and a female screw is formed on
the inner peripheral surface of the connecting portion 33 of the induction plate 31, the induction
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plate 31 is removed by screwing them. Attach to the rear end of the tube 11
[0032]
As apparent in FIG. 2, the fixture 51 is attached to the speaker 41. Specifically, in a state in which
the speaker 41 is fitted into the mounting tool 51, the ring member 52 of the mounting tool 51 is
applied to the outer periphery of the back surface of the speaker 41 to bond or screw those
parts. After this, the flange 14 on the tip end side of the outer tube 11 and the ring member 52
of the attachment 51 are overlapped, and the speaker 41 is attached to the tip portion of the
outer tube 11 by screwing them.
[0033]
As for the front cover 61, an appropriate number of reflectors 71 are attached to the plate-like
porous member 63 inside. More specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the angle adjusting tool 72 is
attached to the reflection plate 71 or the stopper 73 is provided on the angle adjusting tool 72.
The stopper 73 is inserted into the hollow porous member 63 and fastened thereto to attach an
arbitrary number of reflecting plates 71 to a required position in the front cover 61. The
reflection plate 71 mounted in the front cover 61 can be inclined by bending the angle
adjustment tool 72. Therefore, in order to adjust the reflection direction (reflection angle) of the
sound by the reflection plate 71, it does so. The front cover 61 after the reflection plate 71 is
attached is also attached to the tip of the outer tube 11 as shown in FIG. Specifically, the ring
member 53 of the attachment 51 and the rear end portion of the front cover 61 are fitted
together by a press-fit method, and the front cover 61 is held on the ring member 53 by the
frictional force of the press-fit. Furthermore, another front cover 64 is put on the front cover 61
so as to cover the front cover 61.
[0034]
The enclosure structure of the speaker has completed most of the assembly operations so far.
After that, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pedestal 81 is simply attached to the structure. At that
time, the structure is placed on the pedestal 81, and the induction board 31 is fixed to the
pedestal 81 by screwing or other means.
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[0035]
In the loudspeaker enclosure structure assembled as described above, that is, the structure of
FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer tube 11 and the inner tube 21 are held concentrically, and the air
chamber 91 shown in FIG. A center sound path 92, an inversion sound path 93, and a folding
sound path 94 are provided inside. Among these, the air chamber 91 is left between the rear
surface of the speaker 41 and the front end of the inner pipe 21 in the front end of the outer
pipe 11. Accordingly, the air chamber 91 is at the back of the speaker 41. A central sound path
92 follows the air chamber 91 and is in the inner pipe 21. The reversing sound path 93 is inside
the rear end of the outer pipe 11 and between the inner surface of the induction plate 31 and the
rear end of the inner pipe 21. The folded sound path 94 remains between the inner and outer
peripheral surfaces of the outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 21 overlapping each other. The
portion having the sound paths 92 to 94 can be referred to as a phase delay duct 95 following
the air chamber 91. The sound paths 92 to 94 of the air chamber 91 and the duct 95 in the outer
tube 11 are also a series of propagation paths (a speaker (in the order of air chamber 91 →
central sound path 92 → reverse sound path 93 → turning sound path 94) The back sound
propagation path is formed, of which the folded sound path 94 communicates with the outside
through the radiation hole 12. Thus, in the embodiment represented in FIG. 2, the duct 95
following the air chamber 91 has a series of bent sound paths.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, the duct 95 has the following relationship to the speaker 41: That is,
in FIG. 2, the outer diameter (diameter) of the speaker 41 is D, the maximum inner diameter
(diameter) of the sound collection throat 23 is d1, and the diameter (diameter) d2 of the central
sound path 92 is d. When the maximum cross-sectional area of 23 is s1, and the cross-sectional
area of the center sound path 92 is s2, S, s1 and s2 are respectively obtained by the following
equations (1), (2) and (3). S = .pi.D2 / 4 (1) s1 = .pi.d12 / 4 (2) s2 = .pi.d22 / 4 (3) As it is obvious
that D> d1 and D> d2, S> s1 and S> The relationship s2 is established. On the other hand, in the
relative relationship between the folding sound path 94 and the central sound path 92, although
the cross-sectional area of the folding sound path 94 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the
central sound path 92, Small cross section. Therefore, the cross-sectional area (the crosssectional area of each sound path) of each space of the phase delay duct 95 is smaller than the
speaker drive effective area S.
[0037]
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The sound collection throat 23 is not a component of the duct 95 but is directly related to the
duct 95. When the duct 95 is simply referred to in the present invention, the sound collecting
throat 23 is not included.
[0038]
When the enclosure structure of the speaker according to the present invention comprises the
embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 6, it is stood indoors or any other suitable place to listen to the
reproduced sound of the speaker 41. That is, the listener listens to the synthesized sound of the
front sound of the speaker 41 and its back sound. These front and back sounds are as follows.
[0039]
Regarding the front sound of the speaker 41, a part of the front sound goes straight without
colliding with the reflecting plate 71 in the front cover 61, but the other part of the front sound
collides with the reflecting plate 71 and is reflected in a predetermined direction Do. Since both
the straight sound and the reflected sound pass through the front covers 61 and 64 and
propagate to the outside, this is heard by the listener.
[0040]
The back sound of the speaker 41 travels backward from the air chamber 91 to the duct 95 side,
and travels from the central sound path 92 → reverse sound path 93 → turning sound path 94
in the duct 95 and propagates from the radiation hole 12 to the outside Because of this, the
synthesized sound of this and the front sound is heard by the listener. Moreover, since the back
sound is bassed in the air chamber 91 as described above, and phase adjustment is performed in
each of the phase adjustment holes 22 and 13 of the inner pipe 21 and the outer pipe 11,
emphasis on a specific frequency does not occur. . Therefore, with regard to the speaker back
sound, the listener will hear a low-pitched bass sound or a slight low-pitched bass sound. Since
such a phase adjustment bass is not emitted from the rear end of the outer tube 11 but emitted
from the radiation hole 12 closer to the speaker 41 side than that, the synthesized sound of the
front sound and the back sound is a localized sound Be a good thing. Since the cross-sectional
area of the turnback sound path 94 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the central sound
path 92, the passage resistance of the sound in the turnback sound path 94 is small. In such a
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case, the external radiation of the back sound is performed smoothly, and the sound pressure of
the back sound has less influence on the speaker 41. However, if the cross-sectional area of the
central sound path 92 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the folding sound path 94, if the
cross-sectional areas of both sound paths 92 and 94 are equal to each other, or if the cross
sections of each sound path 92 to 94 There are also cases where the areas are equal to one
another.
[0041]
Furthermore, although there is a commonality with the acoustic maze method in that the speaker
back surface sound is delayed in phase and radiated, there is a cross section space while securing
a large air chamber 91 since multiple tubes are overlapped inside and outside. Small ducts 95
can be easily made. From the overall characteristics, it is possible to fully utilize the
characteristics of the speaker 41 while utilizing the back sound of the speaker for
complementation. The outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 21 are also mutually fixed and stable. In
this case, as long as the tube is rigid, unwanted vibration of the tube wall due to the speaker
sound pressure is suppressed.
[0042]
The enclosure structure of the embodiment described above is of a vertical type with the speaker
41 on top. With this type, it is possible to express the presence with a radial effect suitable for
multi-channel reproduction. Of course, the structure can also be used as a main speaker as well
as various sub-speakers. As a reverse type of this embodiment, there is also a vertical type in
which the speaker 41 is downside down. In addition to this, there is also an aspect in which the
structure is made horizontal (horizontal) or inclined. Although the pedestal 81 is often used in
the case of a vertical type with the speaker 41 up, the pedestal 81 may be omitted even in such a
vertical type. In the horizontal or inclined type, the pedestal 81 in the illustrated example is
omitted or another pedestal is used in most cases.
[0043]
In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the enclosure structure of the speaker is mainly composed of the
outer tube 11 and the two inner tubes 21a and 21b. Hereinafter, this embodiment will be
described.
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[0044]
Referring to FIG. 7, the rear end opening of the outer pipe 11 having the plurality of phase
adjustment holes 13 in the pipe wall is closed by the guide plate 31.
[0045]
A sound collection throat 23 is attached to the tip end side of the inner pipe 21a of FIG.
A flange 14 is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the tip end portion of the inner pipe
21b in FIG. 7, and an annular induction radiation member 26 is attached to a corner formed by
the back surface of the flange 14 and the tip outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe 21b. ing.
In addition, a plurality of rod-like spacers 25 are attached to the outer circumferential surface of
the inner pipe 21b at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, or the attachment 51 is
attached to the front surface of the flange 14. The two inner pipes 21a and 21b are fixed to each
other in a concentric fitting state in which the rear end portions thereof are aligned, and with the
ring spacer 24 interposed between the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the both pipes.
There is. Further, a ring-shaped guiding member 28 having a convex bulge is attached to the
outer surface of the spacer 24. Thus, the inner pipes 21a and 21b having the double pipe
structure have an air reservoir 91a in addition to the air chamber 91 described later. A sound
absorbing material 27 is loaded in the air reservoir 91a.
[0046]
In FIG. 7, the inner pipes 21a and 21b of the double pipe structure are inserted into the outer
pipe 11 except for the tip end side with the flange 14 and the like. At this time, since the rod-like
spacers 25 on the outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe 21b are in contact with the inner
peripheral surface of the outer pipe 11, a space for the folded sound path 94 is secured between
the both pipes 11 and 21b. In addition, an annular gap also occurs between the end face of the
outer tube 11 and the rear face of the flange 14. The air gap here becomes the radiation hole
(radiation port) 12 described above. Since the outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 21b are fixed to
each other by the above-described means in this combination, these three pipes 11, 21a and 21b
are finished in a multi-pipe structure.
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[0047]
In FIG. 7, the speaker 41 is assembled to a fixture 51 at the tip end of the inner pipe 21b. A gridlike cover 65 is attached to the front of the speaker 41 by using the attachment 51.
[0048]
The reflecting piece 71 of FIG. 7 also has an angle adjusting tool 72 for adjusting the direction of
the same as in the previous example. A plurality of such reflecting pieces 71 are attached to the
grid of the cover 65 by the respective angle adjusters 72. Therefore, each reflective piece 71 of
FIG. 7 can adjust direction similarly to the above-mentioned thing.
[0049]
The speaker enclosure structure assembled as shown in FIG. 7 also holds the tubes 11, 21a, 21b
concentrically, and the air chamber 91, the central sound path 92, the reverse sound path 93, the
folding sound path 94 It is inside. Among these, the air chamber 91 at the back of the speaker
not only occupies the front half space in the inner pipe 21b, but also an air reservoir formed
between the inner peripheral surface of the inner pipe 21a and the outer peripheral surface of
the inner pipe 21b. It also has 91a. A central sound passage 92, which is an internal space of the
inner pipe 21, follows the air chamber 91. The reversing sound path 93 is inside the rear end of
the outer tube 11 and between the outer surface of the convex induction member 28 and the
inner surface of the induction plate 31. The folded sound path 94 remains between the inner and
outer peripheral surfaces of the outer pipe 11 and the inner pipe 21b overlapping each other.
The portion having the sound paths 92 to 94 can also be referred to as a phase delay duct 95
following the air chamber 91. The sound paths 92 to 94 in the air chamber 91 and the duct 95
in the inner pipe 21b are also a series of propagation paths (speaker (speaker) in the order of air
chamber 91 → center sound path 92 → inversion sound path 93 → turning sound path 94 The
back sound propagation path is formed, of which the folded sound path 94 communicates with
the outside through the radiation hole 12. Thus, in the embodiment of FIG. 7 as well, the duct 95
following the air chamber 91 has a series of bent sound paths.
[0050]
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The technical matters omitted in the embodiment of FIG. 7 are substantially the same as or
similar to the technical matters described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Of course, in both
embodiments, one technique can be applied to the other within the scope of compatibility. As a
specific example, the front covers 61 and 64 of FIG. 2 are applied to the front of the speaker 41
of FIG.
[0051]
When the enclosure structure of the speaker according to the present invention is the
embodiment of FIG. 7, the listener listens to the synthesized sound of the front sound of the
speaker 41 and the back sound in substantially the same manner as in the previous example.
With regard to the speaker front surface sound, part of the front surface sound travels straight
and the other part of the front surface sound propagates while being reflected by the reflection
plate 71. On the other hand, when the speaker back sound moves backward from the air
chamber 91 to the duct 95 side, it travels from the central sound path 92 → reverse sound path
93 → turning sound path 94 and propagates to the outside from the radiation hole 12 .
Therefore, the listener listens to the synthesized sound of the front sound and the back sound.
[0052]
The embodiment of FIG. 7 has a larger air chamber 91 than the previous example, and the
radiation hole (radiating port) 12 is closer to the side of the speaker 41 as compared with the
previous example. In such a case, the large air chamber 91 improves the bass conversion
efficiency of the speaker back sound, and since the radiation hole 12 is close to the speaker 41,
the front sound and back sound can be synthesized smoothly. It can be done, and the localization
feeling of synthetic sound becomes good.
[0053]
In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the enclosure structure of the speaker is mainly composed of the
box body 111 and the partition member 121. Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described.
[0054]
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In FIG. 8, a mounting port 112 for a speaker is formed on the upper side of a front wall of a box
111 having a hollow structure, or a radiation hole 12 is formed immediately below the mounting
port 112. The box 111 has a box shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube, but any
hollow structure other than these may be adopted as long as it has an internal space. Such a box
111 can also be called a cabinet. The constituent material of the box 111 is also selected from
those described above, but typical ones are wooden, synthetic resin, metal, and the like. A lining
material and a covering material may be stuck on the suitable wall surface of box 111.
[0055]
In FIG. 8, the speaker 41 is attached to the attachment port 112 formed on the front wall of the
box 111.
[0056]
The partition member 121 illustrated in FIG. 8 is plate-like (panel-like).
Among these optional materials, those made of wood, synthetic resin or metal are selected. Since
the partition member 121 constitutes the duct 95, a plurality of the partition members 121 are
arranged and fixed along the front wall inner surface lower portion, the rear wall inner surface
lower portion, the bottom wall inner surface and the like of the box body 111. Specifically, as
shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of (multiple) partition members 121 are assembled to each other or
attached to the inner surface of the box 111 to form a duct 95. The duct 95 thus configured has
a series of inlet sound paths 96, intermediate sound paths 97, and outlet sound paths 98. Among
these, the longitudinal inlet sound path 96 is formed by the partition member 121 and the rear
wall of the box 111, and the inclined sound collection throat 23 is provided at the inlet end of the
partition member 23. A lateral intermediate sound path 97 is formed by a plurality of partition
members 121 and the bottom wall of the box 111 and is curved. The longitudinal exit sound path
98 is formed by the partition member 121 and the front wall of the box 111, and the end of the
entrance sound path 98 communicates with the radiation hole 12. In addition, induction
radiation members 26 are attached to the corners of the sound paths 96 to 98, respectively.
[0057]
The inside of the box 111 in FIG. 8 is the air chamber 91 except for the duct 95. The air chamber
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91 also has an air reservoir 91 a. A sound absorbing material 27 is disposed at the rear of the air
chamber 91 and at the bottom of the air reservoir 91a, and the sound absorbing materials 27 are
fixed to the wall of the place. Therefore, the enclosure structure of such an embodiment (FIG. 8)
includes the air chamber 91 and the duct 95 inside the box 111. Further, the air chamber 91 and
the duct 95 communicate with each other, and the duct 95 communicates with the outside
through the radiation hole 12. Besides, the duct 95 in FIG. 8 also has a phase adjustment hole 13
in which the rear wall of the box 111 is opened.
[0058]
The technical matters omitted to be described in the embodiment of FIG. 8 are substantially the
same as or similar to the technical matters described in the previous example (the two
embodiments described above). Even in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the prior art can be employed
within the scope of compatibility. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the phase adjustment
holes 13 are provided in the respective sound paths 96 to 98 in such a manner that the wall of
the box 111 and the partition member 121 are opened, and a front cover is provided on the front
of the speaker 41. There are also times when
[0059]
When the enclosure structure of the speaker according to the present invention is the
embodiment of FIG. 8, the listener listens to the synthesized sound of the front sound of the
speaker 41 and the back sound in substantially the same manner as in the previous example. As
for the speaker front sound, it propagates while radiating forward. On the other hand, when the
speaker back sound moves backward from the air chamber 91 to the duct 95 side, it travels like
an entrance sound path 96 → middle sound path 97 → exit sound path 98 and propagates to the
outside from the radiation hole 12 . Therefore, the listener listens to the synthesized sound of the
front sound and the back sound.
[0060]
Since the air chamber 91 is large in the embodiment of FIG. 8 and the radiation hole 12 is also
directly below the speaker 41, the bass conversion efficiency of the speaker back sound is good,
and there is no unreasonableness in synthesizing the front sound and back sound.
[0061]
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In the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the phase delaying duct
95, that is, the cross-sectional area of a series of passages excluding the sound collecting throat
23 (spatial cross-sectional area orthogonal to the longitudinal axis) is substantially constant.
There is also.
This is to say that the space cross-sectional area of the passage is almost equal no matter where
the duct 95 is cut from one end to the other end. Here, substantially constant means that the
space sectional area of the duct passage is in the range of (Ds) ± (Ds × 0.1), where Ds is a
constant sectional area. Among the embodiments described so far, the one shown in FIG. 2 and
the one shown in FIG. 8 generally satisfy such conditions. Such conditions can be satisfied by
appropriately setting the size of the space of the central sound path 92, the reverse sound path
93, and the aliasing sound path 94 as shown in FIG.
[0062]
The speaker enclosure structure according to the present invention has the following effects.
[0063]
Since the speaker back sound is bassed, phase-delayed and phase-adjusted as it passes through
the duct of the enclosure structure, it comes out as a well-deformed, well-deformed bass.
Moreover, emphasis on a specific frequency does not occur, and the user can listen to the desired
bass while synthesizing it with the front sound. Also, when the low sound emitted from the
radiation hole closer to the speaker side than the rear end of the duct is synthesized with the
front sound, the localization sound of the synthesized sound becomes good.
[0064]
Although the phase delay duct for back sound is long, it is a bent one, so the enclosure structure
does not lengthen, and a small sound path with a small cross-sectional space can be easily
produced, and the overall size is small. It will be compact. In particular, when the duct is
constituted by the outer pipe and the inner pipe, since these pipes also serve as the phase
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adjusting pipe while being the main body of the enclosure, it is possible to suppress the increase
in the number of parts and to achieve the economy of the construction. In addition, in the case
where the duct is constituted by any means such as a plurality of pipes and partition walls,
unwanted vibration of the pipe wall due to the speaker sound pressure is suppressed as long as
the members have rigidity.
[0065]
Even when speakers having different characteristics are used, it is possible to secure certain
characteristics by setting phase adjustment holes (position, number, diameter, etc.) according to
the frequency to be reproduced. This means that there is almost no need to change the basic
design even if the speaker types are different. From another point of view, the freedom of design
can be secured, and the influence of variations and errors of parts can be eliminated by the phase
adjustment holes, and the precision of each part and the precision of the structure based thereon
can be relaxed.
[0066]
From the overall characteristics, it is possible to make full use of the characteristics of the
speaker while utilizing the back sound of the speaker for complementation. Moreover, the
characteristic which exceeds a maze system is acquired by the point which has an air room for
low-pitched sound before the duct.
[0067]
In the case of the bass reflex system, the diameter and length of the pipe duct must be
determined by a complicated calculation according to the speaker characteristics, and the size of
the enclosure also varies. On the other hand, in the case where the predetermined duct
characteristics can be obtained by the phase adjustment holes, the duct configuration is free and
no troublesome calculation is required. The diameter and length of the duct for forming each
sound path in series may be approximately 1/2 of the optimum value.
[0068]
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If there is a reflective piece in the front cover, the propagation direction and propagation range
of the playback sound can be easily set according to the purpose of reproduction, installation
position, acoustic characteristics of installation place, listener's preference etc. The speaker can
easily be harmonized. Since the speaker sound reproduced in this way is not only direct sound,
the sound quality is soft. When this is used for surround reproduction, it is possible to secure a
relatively free listening position by adjusting the sound diffusion range. On the other hand, due
to restrictions on the interior, even when a playback system such as a DVD is configured only
with this enclosure structure, it becomes possible to function as a main speaker (front stereo
speaker) by adjusting the reflection piece.
[0069]
It has a long series of sound paths inside, but the whole is small compared to the length of the
sound paths, so there is little pressure when placed in a room or other space. In addition, from
the top of the interior, it also functions as an indoor furniture item.
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